潜规则,hidden rules
1)hidden rules潜规则
1.Prevailing of hidden rules and weakening constrains of public rules;对潜规则盛行与显规则约束力弱化的思考
2.The article will study the hidden rules in the Qing dynasty officialdom parallel with the national system in terms of the qualification,the salary and the ability.从京官的资历、能力以及俸禄入手,可以考察清代官场中与制度并行的潜规则
3.From literature research,an analysis framework of the business lobbying was built,and common methods and the hidden rules of lobbying were discussed through the depth interview with top managers.文章首先通过理论分析建立了一个企业游说行为的框架,然后通过与十多位企业高层进行深度访谈,探讨了我国企业游说的途径及其潜规则
英文短句/例句

1.Total rule·Potential rule·Obvious rule--Analysis of three steps to Olympic rules元规则·潜规则·显规则——对奥运会规则的三重解读
2.Regulations and Potential Regulations-Superficial and Real Criminal Law;规则与潜规则──表象与真实的刑法
3.The Conversion Route of Business Management and How to Evade the Malign Potential Rules;管理规则转化路径及不良管理潜规则的规避
4.Prevailing of hidden rules and weakening constrains of public rules;对潜规则盛行与显规则约束力弱化的思考
5.A Cultural Psychological Perspective on Hidden Rules as the Habitus作为惯习的潜规则——潜规则盛行的文化心理学分析框架
6.We hope to make explicit the assumptions underlying their choices.我们希望搞清楚这些选择中的潜规则
7.Sending gifts to teachers has become a casting couch.给教师送礼已经成为一种“潜规则”。
8.Researching an Implicit Rule of US Mainstream Media Coverage;探析美国主流媒体涉华报道的潜规则
9.The Potential Rules of Artistic Field--The New Perspective about Fang Lijun s Success;艺术场潜规则——方力钧艺术成功新解
10."Potential Regulations" within the Party Must Be Broken Away from to Achieve Intra-Party Harmony;实现党内和谐必须破除党内“潜规则
11."Implied Principle" in the Society:a Barrier to be Removed in the Building of Harmonious Society;建设和谐社会必须消除社会“潜规则
12.Reflection of the Proper Application of Potential Regulations on International Competition in Communication Manufacturing Industry;运用通信制造业国际竞争潜规则探讨
13.Law of the Jungle--a Latent Rule in "Peace Talks";弱肉强食:“和谈”背后的潜规则——《离婚》赏析
14.Hidden Rules-Explorations of Psychological Contract in Knowledge Team;潜规则——知识团队中的心理契约探析
15.Penetrating through a phenomenon in a trade process according to a latent regulation--For example: How colleges and universities enroll new students;潜规则交易现象透视——以高校招生为例
16.A Study of the Strange Latent Judicial Rules -A Case Study Based on a Conference Minutes;司法潜规则研究——以会议纪要为例
17.Heredity and Underlying Rules in Japan's Politics日本政治中的“世袭”现象及潜规则
18.Assimilation of Character Components:An Important Potential Principle in the Standardization of Variant Form of Chinese Vocabulary;异形词规范中不容轻视的一种潜规则——偏旁同化
相关短句/例句

latent rules潜规则
1.At the time of judging a tourism programming,the clients,organizers and judges of the plan always debate about it,which bring series of latent rules.旅游规划评审时甲方、乙方与评委会三方“博弈”,派生出一系列“不足为外人道”的潜规则
2.This kind of unofficial rules is influenced by cultural tradition and current system, its affection often goes beyond the formal ones actually, we call that "latent rules ", in order to distinguish the unofficial ones of general meani.在中国,这种不甚明确的非正式规则,受到文化传统和现行体制的影响,其实际支配能力往往超出正式规则,我们称之为“潜规则”,以区别一般意义上的、可接受范围内的“非正式规则”。
3.The latent rules of administration practice are informal rules which objectively exist in administrative behavior, conform to or do not conform to (even confront) administrative ethics, and are followed by administrative participators in a conscious or unconscious manner, and represent administrative ethic culture.行政潜规则是指行政活动中客观存在的,符合或不符合(甚至对抗)行政伦理的、行政行为参与各方自觉或不自觉遵循的非正式规则,是行政伦理文化的表现形式之一。
3)potential rule潜规则
1.The potential rule is another rule worthy being cared because it represents another order that actually exists.在制定法与习惯法之间 ,还存在着第三种规则 ,即本文所讨论的潜规则
2.In the local governance, the rules often used in our grass-roots publicadministration is not formal systems always, but potential rules.在地方政府治理中,我国基层行政通行的规则往往不是那些正式的制度,而是潜规则
4)underlying rules潜规则
1.The existence and influence of underlying rules is a practical problem in today s society.潜规则的存在及其影响是时下社会中的一个现实问题,它漠视公平正义的价值理念与法治追求,是中国走向法治过程中必须破解和消除的一个难题,也是老百姓关心并深恶痛绝的敏感问题,更是当下中国行政体制内必须着力解决的困境。
2.They are the outcomes both of feudal autarchy system which is highly centralized administrative power and the forbidden hierarchy of bureaucratic system,and Chinas Confucian culture and ideology,as well as its disadvantages in its national character objectively helps the underlying rules spread among the people of China.潜规则在我国源远流长,它是权力腐败的载体。
3.As a neologism,“underlying rules”is invented by Chinese historian WuSi in his works Underlying Rules: The Real Game in Chinese History, on which the author bases to reinterpret the Chinese history.历史学家吴思先生的两本着作《潜规则:中国历史中的真实游戏》、《血酬定律——中国历史中的生存游戏》在最近几年里迅速流行起来,随着这两本着作的流行,吴思先生所发明的“潜规则”一词走进人们的视野,在多个领域引起了人们的兴趣和思考,从目前“潜规则”一词的频繁使用可以看出人们对潜规则现象的关注程度。
5)underlying rule潜规则
1.The existence of underlying rules shows the weakness of obvious rules and its underlying existing way.潜规则是一种特殊的文化现象,是被主流社会道德批判但却又被潜规则群体内的人奉行不违的亚文化现象。
2.What even more deserves our concern is that some underlying rule whose forms in its operation process have led the operation mechanism of judicial committee, and also created a unique way to resolve .更加值得我们关注的是,在其运作过程中所形成的一些潜规则不仅主导着审委会的运作机制,也造就了审委会独特的纠纷解决方式。
6)diving regulations, diving rule潜水规则
延伸阅读

093型核能攻击潜舰/094型核能弹道飞弹潜舰中国海军在1970年代装备了自制的第一代核能攻击潜舰──091汉级,而其第一种核能弹道飞弹潜舰夏级则在1980年代初期问世。这两种潜舰技术简单而阳春,噪音极大,也没有良好的侦测装备,不过仍为中国核能潜舰部队累积了相当的技术与操作经验。随着1980年代起中国海军大力追赶与世界先进水平的差距,研发新一代核能攻击/弹道飞弹潜舰乃是必然;只不过,中国当局对此保密到家,被西方命名为093的核能攻击潜舰以及094的弹道飞弹潜舰早在1990年代初期就有种种传闻出现,但直到今天连一张照片都没流传出去,外人根本不清楚其研发进度或者是否已进入服役。虽然近年来关於093、094的报导日渐增加,不过都仅止於一些没有根据的推测目前西方对093/094的推测乃根据中国技术水平与国力而来,以下就是这些推论:得到俄罗斯的技术协助,093以前苏联胜利-iii型(victory-iii,苏联第一种在现代化程度上接近西方水准的核能攻击潜舰)为基础发展而成,而094则是以093型的设计再加上一段配备弹道飞弹的舰体,舰体由高张力钢板制造(不太可能是昂贵且高难度的钛合金),潜航深度应该不过不失。根据西方的想像图(不一定可信),093的舰体设计类似胜利-iii级,为较粗的泪滴形,但帆罩则维持汉级那种西方式的设计,此外有十字尾舵与高曲度妻叶螺旋桨等构型;而094则跟苏联三角洲(delta)系列核能弹道飞弹潜舰一样,舰体中段为了容纳弹道飞弹而加高一截。吨位方面,胜利-iii型水下排水量为6000ton,因此西方推测093差不多也是这个吨位,进而可推估094约在9000至10000ton左右,这个数字低於大陆方面一些较乐观的估计(093为8000ton,094为12000ton)。动力方面,大陆的报导盛传093/094采用新型高功率「气冷反应炉」,使这两者都有超过40节的航速;不过这显然太过离谱,目前全球唯一确定能超过40节的潜舰是前苏联阿尔发级,采用液态钠冷却快滋生反应器,虽然功率高,但很容易发生液态钠腐蚀管路造成危险。美国海军紧接在鹦鹉螺号(ssn-571)之後建造的第二艘核能潜舰海狼号(ssn-575)实验过这类液态钠反应炉,也由於太过危险麻烦而没有继续发展;而日本的「文殊」液态钠快滋生反应器也发生过好几次这类意外,以目前中国的技术水平而言能造出陆上的实验炉就已经不可思议,遑论搬上舰艇。此外,外传美国新型海狼级核能攻击潜舰在试航时也有超过40节的纪录,但美国的公开资料最多只写到接近40节,而且该舰配备的是传统压水式反应炉。因此,以中国核能工业的水准,093/094唯一有可能使用的还是传统式的压水炉,093的最大潜航速率约在30节上下,而094则慢个几节;虽然当不成「阿尔发第二」,但这具反应炉只要够安全、够稳定、够安静,就已经够格当「好炉」了。至於潜舰的第二生命──静音方面,西方认为093/094的水准应该与胜利-iii型,对等於美国在1970年代建造的鲟鱼级核能攻击潜舰;不过由於俄罗斯的潜舰静音技术进步很快,加上传言指出中国意图引进俄罗斯最新型鲨鱼级(akula)核能攻击潜舰的技术,因此也有人认为093/094的静音能力将介於胜利-iii与鲨鱼级之间,相当於美国早期型洛杉矶级的水准(至少舰体消音瓦可以肯定会用上)。无论如何,093/094的静音能力完全不可与吵杂的汉级、夏级相提并论,绝非「从广州出海在西贡就听得到、从渤海出海在九州就能听见」的差劲货色。声纳方面,由於咸信俄罗斯被动声纳技术与西方最先进水平仍有一些差距,所以西方对093/094声纳系统的估计还是笼统的「有大幅进步,但仍不够完美」。武装方面,093/094舰首配备4至6具鱼雷发射管,可能配备鱼雷、反舰飞弹甚至陆攻巡航飞弹;而094的「终极武器」则是巨浪二型(jl-2)潜射弹道飞弹,每艘搭载数量估计为16枚。