聚乳酸熔融纺纤维热粘合固化三维多孔无序支架的制备方法
【技术领域】
[0001 ] 本发明涉及聚乳酸熔融纺纤维热粘合固化三维多孔无序支架的制备方法。
【背景技术】
[0002]北卡罗莱纳州立大学非织造布研宄中心的Fedorova et al.[FedorovaN，Pourdeyhimi B:High strength nylon micro—and nanofiber based nonwovensvia spunbonding.J Appl Polym Sci 2007，104 (5): 3434-3442.]利用锦给 6(N6)和PLA(Natureworks)制备不同的海岛纤维(锦纟仑6为岛，PLA为海)，然后纤维网通过30m/min的水刺加固成织物。再将织物利用3%的NaOH溶液，在100°C处理1min去除掉PLA成分。通过溶掉PLA组分后，可以得到微米和纳米纤维，并且纤维直径可以达到0.36-1.3mm。
[0003]关于PLA 溶融纺纤维，还有 Polypropylene/Poly (lactic acid) (PP/PLA)双组份纤维[Arvidson SA，Roskov KE，Pate JJ，Spontak RJ，Khan SAj Gorga RE:Modificat1n ofMelt-Spun Isotactic Polypropylene and Poly (lactic acid) Bicomponent Filamentswith a Premade Block Copolymer.Macromolecules 2012，45(2):913-925.；Liu Yj ToviaF，Pierce JD:Consumer Acceptability of Scent-1nfused Knitting Scarves UsingFunct1nal Melt-spun PP/PLA Bicomponent Fibers.Text Res J2009，79 (6):566-573.]、poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite(PLA/HA)[Persson M，Lorite GS，Cho SWj TuukkanenJj Skrifvars M:Melt Spinning of Poly (lactic acid)and Hydroxyapatite CompositeFibers:1nfluence of the Filler Content on the Fiber Properties.Acs ApplMater Inter 2013，5 (15):6864-6872.]、poly(lactic acid) /Poly(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-R-3-hydroxyvalerate (PLA/PHBV)[Pivsa-Art S，Srisawat N，O-CharoenNj Pavasupree Sj Pivsa-Art W:Preparat1n of Knitting Socks from Poly(lacticacid)and Poly[ (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate](PHBV) blends forTextile Industrials.Enrgy Proced 2011，9.]、poly(lactic acid)/polyvinylidenefluoride (PLA/PVDF)[Fryczkowski Rj Fryczkowska B，Binias Wj Janicki J: Morphologyof fibrous composites of PLA and PVDF.Compos Sci Technol 2013，89:186-193.]、Polylactide/Multiwa11 Carbon Nanotube (PLA/MWNT) [Rizvi R，Tong Lj NaguibH:Processing and Properties of Melt Spun Polylactide-Multiwall Carbon NanotubeFiber Composites.J Polym Sci Pol Phys 2014，52(6):477-484.]、Polylactide/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PLA/PVA)[Tran NHAj Brunig H，Hinuber Cj Heinrich G:MeltSpinning of B1degradable Nanofibrillary Structures from Poly (lactic acid)and Poly (vinyl alcohol)Blends.Macromol Mater Eng 2014，299 (2):219-227.]、Polylactide/poIy(butylene succinate)(PLA/PBS)[Jompang L，Thumsorn S，On JWj SurinPj Apawet Cj Chaichalermwong T，Kaabbuathong Nj O-Charoen Nj Srisawat N:Poly (lacticacid)and Poly (butylene succinate)Blend Fibers Prepared by Melt SpinningTechnique.1Oth Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering Symposium2013，34:493-499.]。
[0004]此外，也有研宄人员将PLA加工成织物(机织物、针织物、三维正交织物)、非织造布(熔喷非织造布、纺粘非织造布、针刺非织造布、热粘合非织造布和静电纺纳米纤维非织造布)、复合材料、膜等形式。
[0005]Dai et al.[Dai XJJ, du Plessis J, Kyratzis IL, Maurdev G, Huson MG, CoombsC:Controlled Amine Funct1nalizat1n and Hydrophilicity of a Poly (lacticacid)Fabric.Plasma Process Polym2009, 6(8):490-497.]将 PLA 恪融纺纤维制备成针织物然后进行等离子体处理。Bae et al.[Bae GY, Jang J, Jeong YG, LyooWS, Min BG:Superhydrophobic PLA fabrics prepared by UV photo-grafting ofhydrophobic silica particles possessing vinyl groups.J Colloid Interf Sci2010，344(2):584-587.]利用紫外照射技术在PLA织物表面接枝疏水性的二氧化硅粒子制备超疏水织物。Nodo et al.[Nodo K, Leong Yff, Hamada H:Effect of knitted and woventextile structures on the mechanical performance of poly (lactic acid)textileinsert inject1n-compress1n moldings.J Appl Polym Sci 2012,125:E200-E207.]石开宄PLA机织物和针织物冲击试验的载荷性能，结果表明通过压缩成型制备的PLA织物具有较好的韧性和延伸性。此外，还有PLA三维正交织物[Zhou NT, Geng XY, Ye MQ, Yao L, ShanZD,Qiu YP:Mechanical and sound adsorpt1n properties of cellular poly(lacticacid)matrix composites reinforced with 3D ramie fabrics woven with co-wrappedyarns.1nd Crop Prod 2014,56:1-8.]o
[0006]熔喷技术是借助高速气流将热塑性聚合物制备成超细纤维非织造布，这种非织造布具有较小的孔径和较大的孔隙率。Liu et al.[Liu Y, Cheng Bff, ChengGX:Development and Filtrat1n Performance of Polylactic Acid Meltblowns.TextRes J 2010, 80(9):771-779.]将美国 Natureworks 的 PLA 切片(Tg=52°C，Tm= 168°C )依次经过干燥、熔融挤出、过滤、齿轮计量、纺丝、热空气拉伸、冷却和卷绕接收来制备PLA熔喷非织造布。其中接收距离为20cm，热空气压力为0.15MPa，纺丝温度为220°C，热空气温度分别为250、260、270、280、290和300°C，狭缝宽度分别为0.3,0.4,0.5和0.6cm。并且分别研宄了热空气温度(250-290°C)和狭缝宽度(0.3-0.6cm)的变化对PLA熔喷非织造布的纤维直径、孔隙率、平均孔径、0.3 μπι和0.5 μπι颗粒的过滤效率以及透气量的影响及变化规律° Majchrzycka[Majchrzycka K:Evaluat1n of a New B1active NonwovenFabric for Respiratory Protect1n.Fibres Text East Eur 2014，22 (I):81-88.]利用Natureworks的PLA切片(Tm= 160-170