检测非洲猪瘟病毒的pcr引物、试剂盒及其应用

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检测非洲猪瘟病毒的pcr引物、试剂盒及其应用
【技术领域】
[0001 ] 本发明涉及用于检测非洲猪磕病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)的PCR引 物,还涉及所述PCR引物制备得到的试剂盒及其在非洲猪磕病毒检测中的应用,属于非洲猪 磕病毒的检测领域。
【背景技术】
[0002] 非洲猪磕(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪磕病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)引起的家猪和野猪的烈性传染病,为世界动物卫生组织(OIE)规定必须申报的 一类动物疫病,给疫区国家造成了巨大的经济损失(Costard, S.,Mur,L.,Lubroth,J., Sanchez-Vizcaino,J.M.,Pfeiffer,D.U.,2013.Epidemiology of African swine fever virus .Virus Res .173,191-197 JdASFV为一大的有囊膜的双链DNA病毒,属于非洲猪磕病 毒科(Asfarviridae)非洲猪磕病毒属(Asf ivirus)成员(Dixon ,L.K. ,Chapman ,D.A., Netherton,C.L.,Upton,C.,2013.African swine fever virus replication and genomics.Virus 民es.173,3-14.)。
[0003] ASFV可引起感染家猪和欧洲野猪的出血热和高死亡率,而对非洲野猪,如疵猪 (warthogs)和非洲灌化野猪(bushpigs)则呈隐性感染(Denyer,M.S. ,Wilkinson,P.J., 1998. African Swine Fever. IniEncyclopedia of Immunology .pp. 54-56.) dASFV还存在 于非洲纯缘婢,该婢是ASFV的自然宿主。
[0004] 经历了上世纪60年代、70年代和80年代从非洲大陆到欧洲和美国的几段长距离传 播之后,近30年^来,除了意大利的撒下岛,ASF局限于非洲地区。直到2007年,该病爆发于 格鲁吉亚(Rowlands,R.J.,Michaud,V.,Heath,L.,Hutchings,G. ,Oura,C.,Vosloo,W., Dwarka,民.,Onashvili,T.,Albina,E.,Dixon,L.K.,2008.African swine fever virus isolate,Georgia,2007.Emerg.Infect.Dis.14,1870-1874.;Costard,S.,Mur,L., Lubroth,J.,Sanchez-Vizcaino,J.M.,Pfeiffer,D.U.,2013.Epidemiology of African swine fever virus.Virus Res. 173,191-197.),随后疫情迅速蔓延至整个高加索地区和 俄罗斯联邦、白俄罗斯和乌克兰,最终于2014年传到了欧盟(Gogin,A.,Gerasimov,V., Malogolovkin,A.,Kolbasov,D.,2013.African swine fever in the North Caucasus region and the 民ussian Federation in years 2007-2012.Virus 民es.173,198-203.; OIE.2014.World Animal Health Information Database(WAHID).http://www.oie.int/ wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Diseaseinformation/Immsumma ry.;S自nchez-Vizcalno, J.M.,Mur,L.,Gomez-ViI Iamandos,J.C.,Carrasco,L.,2015. An update on the epidemiology and pathology of African swine fever.J.Comp.Pathol.152,9-21)。鉴 于ASF传播的各种已知风险因素及中国最近经济和国际贸易的不断扩张,对于该病传入世 界养猪第一大国中国的风险不容忽视。
[0005] 由于目前没有针对ASF的疫苗及有效的治疗手段,快速可靠的诊断对防控措施的 及时实施,阻止该毁灭性疾病的蔓延是至关重要的。此外,考虑到与其它猪传染病如猪磕 (CSF)的临床症状相似^及非特异性临床表现出现的可能性,对ASFV的早期和准确的检测 是快速决策的关键(Oura,C.A.,Edwards,L.,Batten,C.A.,2013.Virological diagnosis of African swine fever-comparative study of available tests.Virus 民es.l73, 150-158.) D对于病毒学检测,OIE推荐的方法包括病毒分离、焚光抗体实验(FAT)、常规PCR 和实时定量 PCR (焚光定量 PCR)(AgUero,M. ,Fern自ndez,J.,Romero,L ?,S^chez Mascaraque,C.,Arias,M.,S自nchez-VizcaIno,J.M.,2003.Highly sensitive PC民 assay for routine diagnosis of African swine fever virus in clinical samples.J.Cl in.Microbiol.41,4431-4434.;King,D.P.,民eid,S.M.,Hutchings,G.H., Grierson,S.S. ,Wilkinson,P.J. ,Dixon,L.K. ,Bastos,A.D. ,Drew,T.W., 2003.Development of a TaqMan PC民 assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus.J.Virol.Methods 107,53-61; 0ura,C.A.L.,Arias,M.,2012.African swine fever. In:OIE Biological Standards Commission(ed),0IE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals,7th ed.Office International des Epizooties,Paris,France,pp.1069-1082.;0ura,C.A.,Edwards,L.,Batten,C.A.,2013.Virological diagnosis of African swine fever-comparative study of available tests.Virus 民es.173,150-158.;S自 nchez-VizcaIno,J.M.,Mur,L.,Gomez-Villamandos,J.C.,Carrasco,L.,2015.An update on the epidemiology and pathology of African swine fever.J.Comp.Pathol.152,9-21.) D病毒分离被认为是ASF诊断的金标准,然而该方法耗时耗力,通常仅在参考实验室作 为验证性诊断方法(Oura,C.A.,Edwards,L.,Batten,C.A.,2013.Virological diagnosis of African swine fever-comparative study of available tests.Virus 民es.l73, 150-158.) dPCR方法因其具有很高的夷敏度和特异性,是目前应用最为广泛的检测手段,特 别适用于已不适合病毒分离的组织的检测dOIE推荐的PCR方法用于参考实验室的常规诊断 (Aguero,M.,Fern自ndez,J.,民omero,L.,S自nchez Mascaraque,C.,Arias,M.,S自nchez-VizcaIno,J.M.,2003.Highly sensitive PC民 assay for routine diagnosis of African swine fever virus in clinical samples.J.Clin.Microbiol.41,4431-4434.; King,D.P.,民eid,S.M.,Hutchings,G.H.,Grierson,S.S.,Wilkinson,P.J.,Dixon,L.K., Bastos,A.D.,Drew,T.W.,2003.Development of a TaqMan PC民 assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus.J.Virol.Methods 107,53-61.;Oura,C. A.L.,Arias,M.,2012. African swine fever.In:0IE Biological Standards Commission(ed),OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals,7th ed.Office International des EpizootieStPariSiF'rancetPp. 1069-1082. )D近年来建立的焚光定量PCR检测方法表现出 了较高的夷敏性(Fern自ndez-Pinero,J. ,Gallardo,C. ,Elizalde,M. ,Robles,A.,G6mez, C.,Bishop,民.,Heath,L.,Couacy-Hymann,E.,Fasina,F.0.,Pelayo,V.,Soler,A.,Arias, M.,2013.Molecular diagnosis of African swine fever by a new real-time PC民 using universal probe library. Transbound.Emerg.Dis.60,48 - 58.;Gallardo,C., Nieto,民.,Soler,A.,Pelayo,V.,Fern自ndez-Pinero,J.,Markowska-Daniel,I., Pridotkas,G.,Nurmoja,I.,Granta,民.,Simon,A.,Perez,C.,Mart In,E.,Fern自ndez - Pacheco,P.,Arias,M.,2015.Assessment of African swine fever diagnostic techniquesas a response to the epidemic outbreaks in Eas
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