新型低胆固醇血化合物的制作方法

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专利名称:新型低胆固醇血化合物的制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及可用于治疗和预防动脉粥样硬化和降低胆固醇水平的新型低胆固醇血化合物,本发明还涉及仅仅包含所述化合物或与其它活性药剂组合而包含所述化合物的药物组合物。
背景技术
在西方国家,动脉粥样硬化冠心病是死亡和心血管发病的主要原因。动脉粥样硬化冠心病的风险因素包括高血压、糖尿病、家族史、雄性、吸烟以及血清胆固醇。许多临床研究已经表明,高浓度血清胆固醇是动脉粥样硬化发展和演变的主要影响因素。动脉粥样硬化的特征在于在主动脉和小动脉中形成含胆固醇的斑块。
在哺乳动物中,1/3的血清胆固醇来源于通过在肠内吸收进入身体的外源性饮食源,2/3的血清胆固醇通过在肝脏中内源性全程合成得到,涉及复杂的一系列酶催化反应和调节机制。
最近研究表明,肠胆固醇吸收是与能量无关、蛋白质介导的过程(Hauser,H.et al,Biochemistry 1998,37,17843-17850;Schulthess,G.et al,Biochemistry 2000,39,12623-12631;Werder,M.et al,Biochemistry 2001,40,11643-11650),而不是被动扩散过程。有助于肠胆固醇吸收的蛋白质被证实为两个位于刷缘膜上的清道夫受体(Hauser,et al,Biochemistry 1998,37,17843-17850;Werder,M.et al,Biochemistry2001,40,11643-11650)。体外和体内动物实验证实了这两个清道夫受体在肠BBM中存在并证明了它们是蛋白质介导胆固醇吸收的原因。
各种2-吖丁啶酮化合物已经被报道用于降低胆固醇和/或抑制在哺乳动物动脉壁中形成含胆固醇的病变例如WO 93/02048、WO 94/17038、WO 95/08532、PCT/US95/03196、美国专利5,633,246描述了在3-位上具有不同取代基的2-吖丁啶酮化合物,美国专利5,756,470公开了在4-位上具有不同取代基的2-吖丁啶酮。其它吖丁啶酮衍生物包括例如在欧洲专利199,630B1和欧洲专利申请337,549A1中公开的弹性蛋白酶抑制性取代的吖丁啶酮。这些2-吖丁啶酮的最主要代表物Ezetimibe(还以商品名称ZetiaTM和Ezetrol而公知)已经被用作单一疗法中和结合斯他汀(statin)的双重疗法中的降低胆固醇的药物。它是新型降低胆固醇的药物的第一代表物,其通过靶向上述肠刷缘膜中的两个清道夫受体来抑制肠胆固醇吸收。
但是已经表明,一旦给药,2-吖丁啶酮容易被吸收并且大量被代谢为药理活性葡糖苷酸,当作为葡糖苷酸直接给药时,超过95%的这种药理活性葡糖苷酸保留在肠壁中(van Heek,M.et al.Br.J.Pharmacol.2000,129,1748-1754)。另外例如包括皮疹和血管性水肿(angiodema)的过敏反应副作用已有报道。

发明内容
本申请人现已发现,具有在式I并且特别是式II和III中描述的结构特征的本发明化合物能够抑制上述介导胆固醇吸收的蛋白质介导过程,同时克服现有技术中已知化合物的上述缺点。因此,本发明的化合物具体可用于治疗和预防动脉粥样硬化和降低胆固醇水平。
在第一方面,本发明由此涉及式I的新型低胆固醇血化合物,并特别涉及分别具有四元或五元环的式II和III化合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及式I的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物, 其中P代表-N<或-C=,X各自独立地代表-CH2-、CR1(sp2-杂化)、O、-NH-、=N-、-CO-或-CS-,其中R1代表H或NR2,其中R2代表H或低级烷基,其任选地与Z键合从而形成双环结构;n代表1或2,Ra代表H、低级烷基、-OR3、-O(CO)R3、-O(CO)OR3、-O(CO)NR3R4、-NR3R4、-NR3(CO)R4、-COOR3、-CONR3R4、CH=CHCOOR3、-CF3、-CN、-NO2、SO3H、PO3H或卤素,其中R3和R4代表H或低级烷基,Rb代表H、OH、-OSO2Me、-OSO2W,其中W代表任选取代的芳基或杂芳基、-OCO(CHOH)2COOR5,其中R5代表H或低级烷基;或代表式-Sp3-R6,其中Sp3代表共价键、-O-、-OCH2-、-OSO2CH2-、-OSO2-、-OSO2-(p)C6H4O-且R6代表碳水化合物结构A-D中的一个 其中R7、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13和R14各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基(低级烷基)、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基、-SO3-或-PO3-,R10代表-CH2OR16或-COOR17,和R15代表-CH2OR16、-COOR17、-CH2NH2、-CH2OPO3-或-CH2OSO3-,其中R16和R17各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基(低级烷基)、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基、-SO3-或-PO3-,Z代表任意取代的芳基或杂芳基,
Sp1代表间隔单元例如直链或支化低级烷基-(CH2)p-,其中p是2-6,该-(CH2)p-是未取代的、由-OH、-OR18、卤素或氰基单取代或多取代的,其中一个或多个-CH2-基可独立地由-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-NR19-、-NR19-CO-、-CO-NR19-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-取代,其中R18和R19代表氢原子或低级烷基;Sp2代表任选的间隔单元例如共价键或直链或支化低级烷基-(CH2)q-,其中q是1-6,该-(CH2)q-是未取代的、由-OH、-OR20、卤素或氰基单取代或多取代的,其中一个或多个-CH2-基可独立地由-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-NR21-、-NR21-CO-、-CO-NR21-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-取代,其中R20和R21代表氢原子或低级烷基;Y代表任选取代的芳基或杂芳基,限制条件是,如果P=-N<、n=1、X=-CO-以及Sp2代表共价键,那么Sp3=-O-时R6不可代表碳水化合物结构A或D并且Sp3=-OCH2-时R6不可代表碳水化合物B。
优选的是,如果P=-N<、n=1、X=-CO-以及Sp2代表共价键,那么Rb不可代表H或OH并且Sp3不可代表共价键、-O-或-OCH2-。
在优选实施方案中,本发明涉及式I的化合物,其中P=-N<、n=1、X=-CO-、-CS-、-CH2-或-NH-。
因此,本发明优选涉及式IIa-d的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物, 其中基团Ra、Rb、Sp1、Sp2、Y和Z如上文所定义。
在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及式I的化合物,其中对于P=-N<,-(X)n-表示-OOC-、-COO-、-CONH-、-CH=N-,对于P=-C=,-(X)n-表示-NH-N=或-O-N=。
因此,本发明涉及式IIIa-f的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物, 其中基团Ra、Rb、Sp1、Sp2、Y和Z如上文所限定。
在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及式I的化合物,其中对于P=-N<,-(X)n-代表-CH-C=NR-或-CH-NH-CR-,或其中环Z结合至-(X)n-以形成双环化合物。
因此,本发明还涉及式IIIg-h的化合物 Ra优选代表H、低级烷基、-OR3、-NR3R4、-COOR3、-CONR3R4、-CH=CHCOOR3、-CF3、-CN、-NO2、SO3H、PO3H或卤素,更优选H、低级烷基、-OR3、-NR3R4、-COOR3、-CONR3R4或卤素,最优选H、低级烷基、-OR19或卤素,其中R3和R4各自独立地代表H或低级烷基。
Rb优选代表H、OH、-OSO2Me、-OSO2W,其中W代表苯基(Ph)或水杨酸异构体(具有OH和COOH取代基的双取代苯基的全部组合);或代表式-Sp3-R6,其中Sp3优选代表共价键、-O-、-OCH2-或-OSO2CH2-以及R6代表碳水化合物结构A-D中的一个、优选碳水化合物结构A、B或D。更优选Rb代表H、OH、-OSO2Me、-OSO2Ph;或代表-Sp3-R6,其中Sp3优选代表共价键、-O-、-OCH2-或-OSO2CH2-以及R6代表碳水化合物结构A-D中的一个、优选碳水化合物结构A、B或D。
Sp1优选代表直链或支化-(CH2)m-基团,其是未取代的、由-OH、-OR18、卤素或氰基单取代或多取代的,其中R18代表氢或低级烷基并且m是1-3。更优选Sp1代表-(CH2)3-,其是未取代的或由-OH或卤素取代的。
Sp2优选代表直链或支化-(CH2)p-基团,其是未取代的、由-OH、-OR20、卤素或氰基单取代或多取代的,其中R20代表氢或低级烷基并且p是1-3。更优选Sp1代表未取代的-(CH2)p-,其中p是1-3,最优选是共价键。
R15优选代表-CH2OR16、-COOR17或-CH2NH2,其中R16和R17各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基(低级烷基)、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基、-SO3-或-PO3-,优选H、乙酰基、苯甲基。
R7、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13和R14优选各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基-低级烷基、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基,更优选H、乙酰基或苯甲基。
术语“任选取代的芳基”应该理解为包括具有4-10、优选5、6或10个环原子的芳环体系。可以用一个或多个取代基来取代芳基,这些取代基可以相同或不同并且选自如下文中所定义的组。适当的芳基非限制性实例包括苯基、萘或1,2,3,4-四氢化萘基团,最优选由卤素取代的苯基、尤其是氟取代的苯基。
术语“任选取代的杂芳基“应该理解为包括5-14、优选5-10、更优选5-6或10个环原子的芳环体系,其中环体系中一个或多个原子是不同于碳的原子,例如氮、氧或硫。杂芳基可以任选地由一个或多个取代基来取代,这些取代基可以相同或不同并且选自如下文中所定义的组。适当的6元杂芳基实例包括吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基等。可用的5元杂芳环实例包括呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、咪唑基、吡唑基、唑基和异唑基。可用的二环基团是源自上述杂芳基的苯并稠环体系,例如喹啉基、2,3-二氮杂萘基、喹唑啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基和吲哚基。
术语“低级烷基”应该理解为包括具有1-8、优选1-6、更优选1-3个碳原子的直链和支化烃基,其可以任选地被取代。适当的低级烷基非限制性实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、氟代甲基和三氟甲基。
术语“支化”应该理解为表示具有一个或多个低级烷基例如甲基、乙基或丙基的线性直链烃基,所述低级烷基连接在线性直链烃基上。
术语“低级烷氧基”应该理解为包括“低级烷基-O-”基团,其中低级烷基如上文所述并具有1-8、优选1-6、更优选1-3个碳原子。甲氧基、乙氧基和异丙氧基为特别优选。
术语“芳基(低级烷基)”应该理解为包括芳基(低级烷基),其中芳基和低级烷基如前所述。适当的芳基(低级烷基)非限制性实例包括苯甲基、苯乙基和萘甲基(naphthlenylmethyl)。
如果没有其它说明,术语“任选取代”应该理解为表示独立选自由下列取代基芳基、杂芳基、芳基(低级烷基)、(低级烷基)芳基、芳烯基、杂芳烷基、烷基杂芳基、杂芳烯基、羟基、羟烷基、烷氧基、芳氧基、芳烷氧基、酰基、芳酰基、卤素、硝基、氰基、羧基、烷氧羰基、芳氧羰基、芳烷氧羰基、氨基烷基、烷硫基、芳硫基、杂芳硫基、芳烷硫基、杂芳烷硫基、环烷基、环烯基、杂环基、杂环烯基,优选低级烷基、羟基、低级烷氧基、氰基、烷硫基、氨基、-NH(低级烷基)、-N(低级烷基)2(其中烷基可以相同或不同)、羧基、-C(O)-(低级烷基)和卤素。本领域技术人员将理解,取代基的大小和性质将影响可存在的取代基的数量。
术语“卤素”应该理解为包括氟、氯、溴、碘,优选氟和氯,最优选氟。
应该理解的是,包括式I化合物并且特别是式II和III化合物的对映异构体、立体异构体、旋转异构体、互变异构体和外消旋物的所有异构体被认为是本发明的一部分。本发明包括光学纯形式和含外消旋混合物的混合物形式的立体异构体。异构体可以用常规的技术来制备,或者通过使光学纯或富含光学对映体的起始原料反应,或者通过分离式I化合物并且特别是式II和III化合物的异构体。在优选实施方案中,中心环中的立体化学使得在3位和4位的取代基相互处于反式构型。
在另一个实施方案中,基团Ra和Rb的优选组合包括其中Rb如上文所限定并位于对位(相对于连接物Sp2)以及Ra如上文所限定(最优选H)并且位于间位的组合。
因此,在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及式IVa的化合物, 其中Ra、Rb、Sp1、Sp2、P、X、Y、Z和n如上文所限定。
因此,这种优选的组合是式IIa-f和式IIIa-h的化合物,其中Rb如上文所限定并位于对位(相对于连接物Sp2)以及Ra如上文所限定(最优选H)并且位于间位。
其它优选实施方案包括其中Sp2是共价键以及Y和Z代表任选取代的苯环的组合。
因此,在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及式IVb的化合物, 其中Ra、Rb、Sp1、P和X如上文所限定,并且其中R21和R22优选代表H、低级烷基、低级烷氧基或卤素、最优选位于对位。
因此,这种组合是式IIa-f和式IIIa-h的化合物,Sp2是共价键以及Y和Z代表任选取代的苯环。
式I化合物并且特别是式II和III化合物可以利用本领域已知的制备方法来制备并且在下列段落中描述。
式II化合物的2-吖丁啶酮部分可通过已知方法制备,如在美国专利5,631,365、5,756,470、5,767,115、5,846,966、6,207,822、2001年3月28日提交的美国临时专利申请60/279,288和PCT专利申请WO 93/02048中所公开,这些专利均通过引用并入本文。随后通过利用实施例所阐述的文献方法进一步键合适当的碳水化合物,可以获得根据本发明的式IIa化合物。
通过将β-内酰胺转化为硫代内酰胺可以获得式IIb化合物,最通常用Lawesson试剂来实施(Verkoyen,C.and Rademacher,P.Chem.Ber.1985,118,653-660;Yde,B.et al.Tetrahedron 1984,40,2047-2052;Steliou,K.;Mrani,M.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1982,104,3104-3106;Clader,J.W.et al.J.Med.Chem.1996,39,3684-3693)。
通过将β-内酰胺转化为吖丁啶酮可以获得式II c化合物,这可以通过本领域中许多公知的方法来实现,例如(1)利用组合物AlHxCl3-x还原剂的直接一步还原,例如氯代二氢铝烷或铝烷(Jackson,M.B.et al.Aust.J.Chem.1983,36,779)或乙硼烷(Jackson,M.B.et al.Aust.J.Chem.1983,36,779-788)、AlHCl2和DIBAL-H(Yamashita,M.and Ojima,I.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1983,105,6339-6342;Ojima,I.et al.J.Org.Chem.1991,56,5263-5277);和(2)利用在实施例中概述的各种方法使1,3-氨基醇环化脱水(Soha r,P.et al.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.2 2000,287-293;Suga,H.et al.S.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1994,116,11197-11198;Barluenga,J.etal.Tetrahedron 1996,52,3095-3106;Obika,S.et al.Tetrahedron Lett.2003,44,5267-5270)。
式IIIa化合物的制备根据流程图I中所概述的来实现,首先是所希望的反式-1,2-二取代烯烃的Sharpless不对称氨基羟基化反应(Demko,Z.P.et al.Org.Lett.2000,2,2221-2223;O′Brien,P.Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.Engl.1999,38,326-329;Bodkin,J.A.;McLeod,M.D.J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.1 2002,2733-2746),接着利用色谱分离以获得所需的区域异构(regioisomeric)产物。对甲苯磺胺基团的随后断裂提供了用于Buchwald-Hartwig芳基化反应的伯胺(Hartwig,J.F.Acc.Chem.Res.1998,31,852-860;Wolfe,J.P.;Wagaw,S.;Marcoux,J.F.;Buchwald,S.L.Acc.Chem.Res.1998,31,805-818),随后暴露于三光气中最终产生所需的式IIIa的唑烷酮。作为替代,它们可以根据实施例中所概述的那样而获得。
流程图I利用现有技术中已知方法,根据流程图II中所描述的方法可以获得式IIIe化合物(Mish,M.R.et al.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1997,119,8379-8380;Guerra,F.M.et al.Org.Lett.2000,2,4265-4267)。作为选择,其中Sp2不是共价键的化合物可以根据实施例中所阐述的方法来合成。
流程图II以类似于在文献中所报道的方法来实施式IIIc吡唑烷酮的制备,如流程图III所示(Lou,B.S.et al.J.Org.Chem.1995,60,5509-5514;Tomkinson,N.C.O.ChemistryChemistry of Carbon Compounds(第二版),Asymmetric Catalysis,Ed.M.Sainsbury 2001,5,199-258)。
流程图III已经发现,在例如Rb或Sp3基团中使用磺酸酯键、即将碳水化合物键合至亚苯环是特别有益的,这是由于与C-葡糖苷键的更强非极性特性相比,S=O双键可用作氢键受体。这种键还没有被报道用于键合碳水化合物和其它类型的分子。此外,这种键是不可水解的,即碳水化合物不可水解离。
还发现,本发明的化合物表现出优异的药理活性并且能够克服利用现有技术中成熟方法的已知低胆固醇血药剂的缺点,例如它们在对于兔刷缘膜泡囊(BBMV)中以及Caco-2细胞中的胆固醇摄取的IC50值评估(Hauser,H.et al,Biochemistry1998,37,17843-17850;Schulthess,G.et al,Biochemistry 2000,39,12623-12631;Werder,M.et al.Biochemistry 2001,40,11643-11650;Boffelli,D.et al.FEBS Lett.1997,411,7-11)(另见表I)。
因此本发明的化合物例如式I化合物和它们的药学可接受的酸加成盐表现出药理活性并因此可用作药物。本发明的化合物已经表现出有效地抑制胆固醇的吸收并由此可用于治疗和/或预防动脉粥样硬化以及降低胆固醇水平。
因此,在另一方面,本发明涉及治疗和/或预防动脉粥样硬化、降低胆固醇水平和治疗或预防血管病的方法,包括给需要这种治疗的哺乳动物施加有效量的式I化合物,特别是式II和III化合物。
可以例如以含有治疗有效量的活性成分的药物组合物的形式来使用式I的新型化合物,如果适当,可以和适合于肠内给药例如口服、肠胃外给药的无机或有机、固体或液体、药学可接受载体一起使用。因此将含有有效成分的片剂或胶囊结合下列物质一起使用稀释剂、普通乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、山梨醇、纤维素,和/或润滑剂例如硅藻土、滑石、硬脂酸或其盐例如硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙,和/或聚乙二醇。片剂还可以含有粘合剂,典型的是硅酸镁铝、淀粉通常是玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、大米淀粉或木薯淀粉、明胶、黄蓍胶、甲基纤维素、羧基甲基纤维素钠和/或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,根据需要还含有崩解剂和/或泡腾混合物、或吸收剂、着色剂、调味剂和甜味剂,所述崩解剂通常是淀粉、琼脂、褐藻酸或其盐例如藻酸钠。
因此,在另一方面,本发明涉及一种药物组合物,该组合物包含式I化合物、特别是式II和III化合物(以及任选的其它治疗有效药剂),以及药学上可接受的载体,用于治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化或降低胆固醇水平。
术语“有效量”和“治疗有效量”是指式I化合物、特别是式II和III化合物(任选其它治疗有效药剂)的量,这种量将引起组织、系统、动物或哺乳动物的生物或医疗响应,这种响应包括所治疗或预防的疾病症状的减轻、减缓或终止一种或多种状况的发展,例如动脉粥样硬化、高胆固醇血症。
以本身已知的方式通过常规混合、造粒、糖包衣、溶解或冻干法来制备药物组合物,所获得的药物组合物根据需要还含有药理活性物质,并且该药物组合物含有约0.1%-100%、优选约1%-50%的活性成分,冻干至约100%。
本发明的化合物、组合物和治疗可以利用使这些化合物与身体内作用的部位接触的任意适当方法来给药,例如与哺乳动物或人的血浆、肝脏或小肠接触。因此式I的新型化合物还可以以组合物的形式用于肠胃外、口服、透皮给药或输液。这种溶液优选是等渗水溶液或悬浮液,例如在自身含有活性成分或与载体例如甘露醇一起含有活性成分的冻干组合物的情况下,在使用前可以制备所述等渗水溶液或悬浮液。药用组合物可以是无菌的和/或可含有赋形剂、典型防腐剂、稳定剂、润湿剂和/或乳化剂、增溶剂、用于调节渗透压的盐和/或缓冲剂。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种药盒,该药盒包含有效量的在药学可接受载体中的式I化合物、特别是式II和III化合物(和任选有效量的另一种治疗有效药剂),任选在单独的容器室中。
下列非限制性实施例更加详细地说明上述本发明。
实施例材料和方法在无水溶剂中的反应均在氩气气氛下利用烘箱干燥的玻璃器皿实施。试剂级溶剂均购自化学公司并且没有预先纯化而直接使用。对于色谱纯化,在使用前蒸馏技术级溶剂。利用Machery-Nagel Alugram Sil G/UV254TLC板来实施TLC并且利用254nm的紫外光和在250ml EtOH中的12g磷钼酸或MeOH中10%H2SO4(v/v)来显影。根据文献程序利用干柱真空色谱法在Merck Silica Gel 60(15-40μm)上实现产物的色谱纯化(Pedersen,D.S.and Rosenbohm,C.Synthesis2001,2431-2434);含馏分的产物被集中,在减压下蒸发溶剂并且在高真空下干燥残留物以获得产物。在Varian Mercury 300MHz设备上记录NMR谱,对于1H和13C分别在300MHz和75MHz下运行,化学位移(δ)以内溶剂信号为基准。在Perkin ElmerSpectrum RX I FT-IR设备上在CHCl3中记录IR谱(在NaCl板上的薄膜)并记录吸收峰值(计为cm-1)。通过位于ETH,Zürich的MikroelementaranalytischesLaboratorium进行元素分析。以阳离子模式记录高分辨率基质辅助激光解吸离子化质谱(MALDI-MS)。
实施例1 将LiAlH4(114mg,3.0mmol)和AlCl3(390mg,2.9mmol)悬浮于无水乙醚中(15ml)并回流30分钟。加入溶于无水乙醚(15ml)中的反式-1-(4-氟代苯基)-3-[(3-苯基)-丙基]-4-苯基-2-吖丁啶酮(361mg,1.00mmol;根据Browne,M.et al.Tetrahedron Lett.1995,36,2555-2558制备),在回流搅拌30分钟后,冷却悬浮液并且逐滴加入H2O(5ml),接着加入50%NaHCO3饱和水溶液(30ml)。分离层,用EtOAc/己烷和醚萃取水层并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土(celite)上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(3.7×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-10%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的无色油状的化合物V(281mg,81%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.51-7.14(10H,m),6.87(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.38(2H,dd,J=4.7,9.0Hz),4.46(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.17(1H,t,J=6.8Hz),3.35(1H,dd,J=6.8,7.5Hz),2.69-2.58(3H,m),1.85-1.56(4H,m).13C-NMR (75MHz,CDCl3)δ157.64,154.52,148.53,142.69,141.95(C),128.66,128.25,127.47,125.99,125.73,115.41,115.12,113.04,112.94(CH),74.37(CH),56.05(CH2),42.09(CH),35.85,33.52,28.92(CH2).IR(cm-1)3026,2933,2852,1603,1508,1473,1453,1321,1222,1120,823,773,747,699.MALDI-MS(C24H24FN)[MH]+346.1982(计算值346.1971).C24H24FN分析计算值C,83.44;H,7.00;N,4.05.实测值C,83.45;H,7.06;N,4.27.
实施例2
将Ezetimibe(购买或根据Wu,G.Z.et al.,J.Org.Chem.1999,64,3714-3718合成)(5.530g,13.5mmol)悬浮于2-丙醇(70ml)中,相继加入NaOH水溶液(2M,15ml)和Ac2O(3.0ml,32mmol)并搅拌该溶液5小时,接着加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(200ml)。用EtOAc(4×50ml)萃取之后,用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)和H2O(50ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(5.2×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-100%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的相应的吖丁啶酮醋酸盐(5.930g,97%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.31(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.29-7.18(4H,m),7.09(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.99(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.92(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.67(1H,bs),4.61(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),3.08-3.04(1H,m),2.75(1H,bs),2.29(3H,s),1.97-1.85(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ169.16,167.23,163.56,160.46,160.32,157.24,150.58,139.94,139.90,134.85,133.53,133.50(C),127.32,127.21,126.78,122.38,118.34,118.23,115.95,115.65,115.35,115.07(CH),72.95,60.81,60.33(CH),36.61,25.07(CH2),21.19(CH3).IR(cm-1)3443,3019,2936,2862,1747,1605,1509,1427,1388,1370,1221,1198,1157,1016,835,757,668.MALDI-MS(C26H23F2NO4)[MH-H2O]+434.1556(计算值434.1568);[MNa]+474.1485(计算值474.1493))随后,将醋酸盐(1.864g,4.13mmol)溶解于无水DMF(25ml)中,然后加入咪唑(939mg,13.8mmol)和TBDMSCl(1.853g,12.3mmol)并搅拌该溶液3小时,接着加入50%NaHCO3饱和水溶液(150ml)。用EtOAc(4×40ml)萃取之后,用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(40ml)和H2O(40ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应的硅烷化吖丁啶酮醋酸盐(2.137g,91%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.31(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.26-7.20(4H,m),7.10(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.98(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.91(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.67(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.58(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.06-3.02(1H,m),2.28(3H,s),1.96-1.80(4H,m),0.88(9H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ169.16,167.06,163.42,160.47,160.16,157.23,150.62,140.50,135.10,133.74,133.70(C),127.26,127.14,126.77,122.37,118.27,118.16,115.89,115.58,115.03,114.76(CH),73.74,60.67,60.53(CH),37.94(CH2),25.73(CH3),24.55(CH2),20.99(CH3),18.07(C),-4.74,-5.05(CH3).IR(cm-1)2953,2930,2857,1752,1606,1510,1472,1426,1385,1370,1252,1219,1197,1166,1140,1102,1086,1015,912,835,777,736.MALDI-MS[MH-TBDMSOH]+434.1556(计算值434.1568);[MNa]+588.2347(计算值588.2358).C32H37F2NO4Si分析计算值C,67.94;H,6.59;N,2.48.实测值C,67.94;H,6.64;N,2.37)将硅烷化吖丁啶酮醋酸盐(5.123g,9.06mmol)溶于CH2Cl2(200ml)中,加入中性氧化铝(50g)并将悬浮液蒸干。涂覆的氧化铝在真空下短暂干燥然后加热到70℃持续5.5小时。冷却后,用10%MeOH/CH2Cl2萃取氧化铝(8×50ml),在硅藻土上蒸发合并的有机萃取物并通过干柱真空色谱(5.4×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(3.919g,83%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.26-7.14(6H,m),6.99-6.83(6H,m),6.16(1H,bs),4.65(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.52(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.04-2.98(1H,m),1.92-1.76(4H,m),0.86(9H,s),0.00(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR (75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.82,163.28,160.42,156.12,140.50,140.45,133.57(C),128.92,127.19,127.15,127.08,118.43,118.32,116.05,115.85,115.55,115.01,114.72(CH),73.82,61.17,60.35(CH),38.07(CH2),25.89(CH3),24.68(CH2),18.25(C),-4.54,-4.84(CH3).IR(cm-1)3351,2953,2938,2857,1722,1615,1604,1510,1450,1391,1361,1252,1223,1156,1103,1087,863,834,776,760.MALDI-MS[MH-TBDMSOH]+392.1451(计算值392.1462);[MH]+524.2409(计算值524.2433);[MNa]+546.2242(计算值546.2252).C30H35F2NO3Si分析计算值C,68.81;H,6.74;N,2.67.实测值C,68.61;H,6.82;N,2.66.
将硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(176mg,0.336mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(10ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和MsCl(0.1ml,1.29mmol)并搅拌该溶液22小时,用EtOAc(50ml)稀释并随后用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的中间产物甲磺酸盐VIb(195.5mg,92%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.28(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.26-7.18(4H,m),6.98(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.93(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.67(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.2Hz),4.59(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.16(3H,s),3.04-3.00(1H,m),1.93-1.79(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.83,163.46,160.57,160.21,157.34,148.88,140.53,140.49,137.07,133.59,133.56(C),127.36,127.28,127.18,122.94,118.26,118.16,116.04,115.73,115.10,114.81(CH),73.79,60.67,60.41(CH),37.97(CH2),37.59,25.76(CH3),24.60(CH2),18.11(C),-4.71,-5.02(CH3).IR(cm-1)2952,2931,2857,1752,1605,1509,1371,1252,1220,1176,1153,1102,1086,971,871,835,777.MALDI-MS[MH-TBDMSOH]+470.1228(计算值470.12376);[MNa]+624.2029(计算值624.2027).C31H37F2NO5SiS分析计算值C,61.87;H,6.20;N,2.33.实测值C,61.69;H,6.19;N,2.15).
c)将在先前步骤中获得的中间产物甲磺酸盐(67.7mg,0.112mmol)溶于THF(2ml)中,加入TBAF(0.2ml,THF中1M)并搅拌该溶液1.5小时,用EtOAc(20ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10ml)和H2O(10ml)连续洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-90%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,在用己烷(10ml)共蒸发之后,产生白色固体状的所需甲磺酸化的吖丁啶酮VI(37.0mg,68%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37-7.17(8H,m),7.03-6.91(4H,m),4.69(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),4.65(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.16(3H,s),3.07-3.01(1H,m),2.63(1H,bs),2.03-1.84(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.11,163.76,160.68,160.50,157.44,148.89,139.92,136.86,133.41(C),127.40,127.27,122.98,118.35,118.24,116.10,115.79,115.45,115.18,115.11(CH),73.03,60.48,60.41(CH),37.63(CH3),36.48,25.00(CH2).IR(cm-1)3428,2937,1744,1604,1510,1426,1369,1221,1176,1152,1103,1016,971,912,872,835,788,734.MALDI-MS[MH-H2O]+470.1239(计算值470.1238);[MNa]+510.1164(计算值510.1163).C25H23F2NO5S分析计算值C,61.59;H,4.75;N,2.87.实测值C,61.79;H,4.89;N,2.76.
实施例3
将LiAlH4(58mg,1.5mmol)和AlCl3(202mg,1.5mmol)悬浮于无水乙醚中(15ml)回流30分钟并冷却至0℃。加入溶于无水乙醚(5ml)中的在步骤2b)中获得的甲磺酸盐VIb(195.5mg,0.325mmol),在0℃下搅拌15分钟后,逐滴加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml)。悬浮液在硅藻土(celite)上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的中间产物硅烷化吖丁啶V(146.4mg,77%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.49(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.30(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.18(2H,dd,J=5.0,8.7Hz),6.98(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.85(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.31(2H,dd,J=4.4,9.3Hz),4.58(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.40(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.11(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.28(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.17(3H,s),2.56-2.49(1H,m),1.77-1.50(4H,m),0.88(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.15(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.22,159.99,157.69,154.57,148.23,148.07,141.97,140.62(C),127.41,127.13,127.03,122.25,115.43,115.13,114.96,114.68,113.00,112.90(CH),73.86,73.29(CH),55.88(CH2),41.88(CH),37.90(CH2),37.43(CH3),29.43(CH2),25.85(CH3),18.24(C),-4.53,-4.88(CH3).IR(cm-1)2932,2856,1605,1509,1473,1372,1331,1252,1222,1198,1171,1151,1090,970,870,836,776.MALDI-MS[MH-TBDMSOH]+456.1442(计算值456.14449);[MNa]+610.2236(计算值610.22348).C31H39F2NO4SiS分析计算值C,63.34;H,6.69;N,2.38.实测值C,63.49;H,6.87;N,2.33.
将该中间产物硅烷化吖丁啶(146.3mg,0.249mmol)溶于0℃下的无水THF(5.0ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(1.0ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(1.0ml),在0℃下搅拌该溶液1小时并在室温下搅拌7小时,用乙醚(30ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(3×10ml)洗涤。有机层在硅藻土(celite)上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-90%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的所需甲磺酸化吖丁啶VII(100.0mg,85%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.28(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.22(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.01(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.84(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.30(2H,dd,J=4.3,9.3Hz),4.57(1H,t,J=5.6Hz),4.41(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.12(1H,t,J=6.8Hz),3.30(1H,dd,J=6.8,7.5Hz),3.16(3H,s),2.55(1H,dt,J=6.8,7.5Hz),1.93(1H,bs),1.88-1.53(4H,m).13C-NMR (75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.62,160.37,157.74,154.61,148.22,148.01,141.89,139.95,139.91(C),127.46,127.28,127.17,122.29,115.46,115.42,115.13,113.02,112.92(CH),73.43,73.28(CH),55.92(CH2),41.81(CH),37.49(CH3),36.28,29.85(CH2).IR(cm-1)3416,2938,2853,1508,1367,1221,1196,1171,1149,970,871,823.MALDI-MS(C25H25F2NO4S)[MH-H2O]+456.1447(计算值456.1445);[M]+473.1481(计算值473.1472);[MNa]+496.1380(计算值496.1370).
实施例4 将在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(143mg,0.273mmol)和C-(羟甲基)-2,3,4,6-四-O-苯甲基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(根据RajanBabu,T.V.and Reddy,G.S.J.Chem.1986,51,5458-5461制备;180mg,0.325mmol)溶于0℃下无水THF(10ml)中,然后加入Bu3P(0.20ml,0.80mmol)和1,1’-(偶氮羰基)二哌啶(206mg,0.82mmol)在几个小时内使悬浮液升温到环境温度并搅拌24小时。加入EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v),20ml),通过硅藻土过滤悬浮液(2×10ml EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v))洗涤),滤液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.1×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应C-葡糖苷(60.1mg,21%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37-7.17(26H,m),7.04-6.89(6H,m),4.96(2H,bs),4.89(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),4.86(1H,d,J=8.7Hz),4.69(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.63-4.53(5H,m),4.21(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.10(1H,dd,J=5.0,10.6Hz),3.85-3.52(7H,m),3.07-3.02(1H,m),2.01-1.78(4H,m),0.91(9H,s),0.05(3H,s),-0.13(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.25,158.74,140.53,140.49,138.29,137.85,137.79,137.65,133.81(C),129.53,128.32,128.28,128.18,127.96,127.81,127.78,127.74,127.66,127.54,127.48,127.18,127.08,126.90,118.22,118.12,115.77,115.47,115.30,114.98,114.70(CH),87.12,79.14,78.25,77.87,77.71(CH),75.56,75.11,75.03(CH2),73.82(CH),73.44,68.93,67.23(CH2),61.02,60.47(CH),38.10(CH2),25.89(CH3),24.71(CH2),18.24(C),-4.54,-4.83(CH3).IR(cm-1)2951,2929,2858,1749,1608,1510,1454,1386,1361,1250,1223,1156,1141,1101,1028,911,835,777,735,699.MALDI-MS(C65H71F2NO8Si)[MNa]+1082.4831(计算值.1082.4815).
然后将该C-葡糖苷(72mg,0.068mmol)溶于EtOH(5ml),加入Pd(OH)2/C(20%(w/w),40mg)并用H2排空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌17小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(3.8×2.0cm)相继在硅胶上以0-100%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)和10%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)d的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状脱苄基的C-葡糖苷(28mg,59%)。
13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.22,163.28,160.05,158.36,157.03,140.57,133.75,130.30,129.52,127.22,127.11,118.23,115.83,115.54,116.35,115.05,114.91,114.76,79.16,78.33,77.70,73.88,70.18,69.52,67.75,61.54,60.79,60.57,38.14,25.91,24.81,18.27,-4.51,-4.80.IR(cm-1)3391,2930,2858,1747,1609,1510,1387,1362,1223,1140,1086,1043,1014,835,758.MALDI-MS(C37H47F2NO8Si)[MH-TBDMSOH]+568.2132(计算值568.2147);[MNa]+722.2939(计算值722.2937).
随后,将脱苄基的C-葡糖苷(27.0mg,0.039mmol)溶于THF(1.0ml)中,加入TBAF(0.2ml,THF中1M)并搅拌该溶液15小时,用CH2Cl2稀释、在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(3.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-18%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,在用己烷(10ml)共蒸发之后产生白色固体状的所需C-葡糖苷VIII(14.0mg,62%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.33-7.23(6H,m),7.05-6.94(6H,m),4.78(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),4.59(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.29(1H,dd,J=1.5,10.3Hz),4.13(1H,dd,J=5.6,10.6Hz),3.85(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),3.67-3.61(1H,m),3.57-3.51(1H,m),3.44-3.37(2H,m),3.31-3.28(2H,m),3.11-3.06(1H,m),1.97-1.81(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.20,160.12,130.69,128.36,128.25,128.14,119.52,119.41,116.35,116.04,115.93,115.63,115.35,81.55,79.49,79.39,73.35,71.30,71.23,68.77,62.66,61.74,60.86,37.22,25.84.MALDI-MS(C31H33F2NO8)[MH-TBDMSOH]+568.2143(计算值568.2147);[MNa]+608.2073(计算值608.2072).
实施例5 将甲基2,3,4-三-O-苯甲基-α-D-吡喃葡糖苷(根据Jaramillo,C.et al;Chiara,J.L.;Martinlomas,M.J.Org.Chem.1994,59,3135-3141制备;1.181g,2.54mmol)溶于0℃下无水CH2Cl2(25ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(3.0ml)和MsCl(0.50ml,6.4mmol),在0℃下搅拌该溶液1小时并在室温下搅拌7小时,接着加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)。分层并用EtOAc(3×25ml)萃取水层。用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(25ml)和H2O(25ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.1×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-100%CH2Cl2/己烷(v/v)的梯度并随后以CH2Cl2中的0.25-1.0%MeOH(v/v)洗脱纯化,在用乙腈(3×10ml)共蒸发之后产生无色油状的相应的甲磺酸盐(1.303g,94%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39-7.26(15H,m),5.02(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.92(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.84(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.80(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.66(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.63(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.41-4.32(2H,m),4.02(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),3.85(1H,dt,J=3.7,10.0Hz),3.52(1H,dt,J=3.7,6.2Hz),3.50(1H,bs),3.39(3H,s),2.98(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ138.30,137.75,137.56(C),128.36,128.30,127.94,127.84,127.76,127.57(CH),98.06,81.73,79.69,76.86(CH),75.73,75.09,73.44(CH2),68.59(CH),68.36(CH2),55.46,37.54(CH3).IR(cm-1)3031,2913,1497,1454,1359,1177,1089,1074,1046,1003,965,931,813,739,699.MALDI-MS[MNa]+565.1873(计算值565.1872).C29H34O8S分析计算值C,64.19;H,6.32.实测值C,63.99;H,6.27.
随后,将该甲磺酸盐(1.290g,2.38mmol)溶于EtOH(25ml)中,加入KOSCMe(869mg,7.61mmol)并回流搅拌该混浊液4小时(橙色沉淀)。冷却后,加入50%的NaHCO3饱和水溶液(100ml)并用EtOAc(3×50ml)萃取悬浮液。用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)和H2O(50ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.1×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生亮橙色固态的相应的硫代乙酸盐(1.189g,96%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.41-7.32(15H,m),5.03(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.94(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.86(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.82(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.69(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.66(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.58(1H,d,J=3.1Hz),4.02(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.81(1H,dt,J=2.5,7.5Hz),3.55(1H,dd,J=3.7,9.3Hz),3.48(1H,dd,J=3.1,13.7Hz),3.40(3H,s),3.35(1H,t,J=9.5Hz),3.08(1H,dd,J=7.5,13.7Hz),2.36(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ194.67,138.46,137.90,137.78(C),128.33,128.29,128.03,127.94,127.85,127.81,127.74,127.53(CH),97.72,81.69,80.36,79.78(CH),75.64,75.04,73.22(CH2),69.23(CH),55.02(CH3),30.73(CH2),30.39(CH3).IR(cm-1)3063,3031,2908,1694,1497,1454,1358,1201,1156,1136,1092,1072,1050,1029,999,955,737,698,630.MALDI-MS[MNa]+545.1974(计算值545.1974).C30H34O6S分析计算值C,68.94;H,6.56.实测值C,68.77;H,6.63.
然后将前面所得到的硫代乙酸盐(1.180g,2.26mmol)溶于AcOH(25ml)中,相继加入KOAc(4.082g,41.6mmol)和过硫酸氢钾制剂(2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4,4.019g,8.69mmol),搅拌15小时后,小心加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(100ml)、H2O(50ml)和Na2CO3饱和水溶液(50ml)。在用EtOAc(4×40ml)萃取后,用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.0×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-90%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)并随后以0-50%MeOH/EtOAc(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色固态的相应的磺酸盐(1.116g,90%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.37-7.21(15H,m),4.90(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.86(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.84(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.73(1H,d,J=3.1Hz),4.72(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.64(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.16(1H,t,J=9.2Hz),3.90(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),3.55(1H,dd,J=3.4,9.3Hz),3.48(3H,s),3.30-3.22(2H,m),2.92(1H,dd,J=10.0,14.3Hz).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ140.03,139.57,139.55(C),129.42,129.31,129.15,128.93,128.89,128.84,128.67,128.59(CH),98.53,83.03,81.65,81.52(CH),76.44,75.83,73.85(CH2),68.52(CH),55.95(CH3),53.65(CH2).IR(cm-1)3484,3030,2922,1497,1454,1360,1230,1198,1177,1156,1093,1058,1028,736,696.MALDI-Ms(C28H31NaO8S)[MNa]+573.1536(计算值573.1535).
最后,将获得的磺酸盐(696mg,1.26mmol)悬浮于0℃下的无水乙腈/CH2Cl2(10ml,1∶1(v/v))中,然后加入Ph3P(1.002g,3.8mmol)和亚硫酰氯(0.40ml。5.5mmol),在室温下搅拌该悬浮液13小时。加入EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v),100ml),通过硅藻土过滤悬浮液(4×15ml EtOAc/己烷(1∶3(v/v))洗涤),蒸发滤液并在真空下短暂干燥,以产生所需的淡黄色油状磺酰氯IXa(657mg,95%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.42-7.28(15H,m),5.05(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.96(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.85(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.83(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.67(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=3.1Hz),4.33(1H,t,J=9.6Hz),4.07(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.85(1H,dd,J=1.2,13.7Hz),3.55(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),3.52(1H,t,J=10.0Hz),3.46(3H,s),3.26(1H,t,J=9.5Hz).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ138.02,137.57,137.06(C),128.58,128.36,128.30,128.23,128.12,127.92,127.66(CH),98.00,81.56,79.41,78.49(CH),75.85,74.76,73.38,66.75(CH2),65.93(CH),55.90(CH3).MALDI-MS(C28H31ClO7S)[MNa]+569.1378(计算值569.1377).
将在步骤5a)中获得的磺酰氯IXa(197mg,0.36mmol)悬浮于无水CH2Cl2(5ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(70.0mg,0.13mmol)并搅拌该溶液22小时,用EtOAc(25ml)稀释并随后用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10ml)和H2O(10ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.3×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-35%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油/玻璃状的相应的糖基化吖丁啶酮(125.5mg,91%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37-7.14(23H,m),7.00(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.95(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),5.05(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.97(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.84(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.82(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.69(1H,t,J=6.8Hz),4.67(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.56(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.54(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.29(1H,t,J=9.5Hz),4.06(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.57(1H,t,J=3.1Hz),3.53(1H,d,J=3.1Hz),3.46(3H,s),3.26(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),3.14(1H,dd,J=10.0,14.3Hz),2.96(1H,dt,J=1.9,6.8Hz),1.97-1.78(4H,m),0.90(9H,s),0.04(3H,s),-0.13(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.62,163.27,160.37,160.03,157.14,148.91,140.33,138.05,137.63,137.29,136.67,133.45,133.42(C),128.44,128.31,128.18,128.04,127.96,127.86,127.65,127.15,127.03,126.97,123.15,118.13,118.03,115.93,115.64,115.02,114.75(CH),97.92,81.67,79.60,79.23(CH),75.78,74.86(CH2),73.78(CH),73.37(CH2),65.64,60.66,60.48(CH),55.73(CH3),51.63,38.06(CH2),25.85(CH3),24.69(CH2),18.22(C),-4.54,-4.87(CH3).IR(cm-1)3032,2930,2858,1750,1605,1510,1455,1386,1252,1220,1153,1086,1073,1048,870,836,755,699.MALDI-MS[MNa]+1056.3969(计算值1056.3964).C58H65F2NO10SiS分析计算值C,67.35;H,6.33;N,1.35.实测值C,67.43;H,6.44;N,1.33.
随后,将糖基化吖丁啶酮(105.1mg,0.102mmol)溶于EtOH(5ml)中,加入Pd(OH)2/C(20%(w/w),33mg)并用H2抽空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌6小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-10%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状脱苄基的吖丁啶酮(63.2mg,81%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.55(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.42(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.37(2H,dd,J=5.9,8.4Hz),7.28(2H,dd,J=5.0,9.3Hz),7.11-7.01(4H,m),4.96(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),4.84(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),4.69(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.61(1H,d,J=5.0Hz),4.35(1H,d,J=3.1Hz),4.16(1H,dt,J=1.2,10.0Hz),3.87(1H,dd,J=1.2,14.9Hz),3.79(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),3.65(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.56(1H,dd,J=10.0,14.9Hz),3.45-3.40(1H,m),3.38(3H,s),3.27-3.14(2H,m),2.00-1.88(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.05(3H,s),-0.15(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ167.25,163.96,160.84,160.75,157.65,150.14,141.91,141.87,138.13,134.95,134.91(C),128.32,128.23,123.84,118.98,118.88,116.43,116.12,115.49,115.21(CH),100.74,74.77,74.42,73.55,73.04,68.01,61.25,60.50(CH),55.56(CH3),52.83,38.50(CH2),26.16(CH3),25.34(CH2),18.65(C),-4.47,-4.71(CH3).IR(cm-1)3396,2951,2931,2857,1754,1701,1605,1510,1426,1385,1250,1220,1151,1103,1088,1053,1015,988,872,836,778.MALDI-MS(C37H47F2NO10SSi)[MNa]+786.2559(计算值786.2556).
将该脱苄基的吖丁啶酮(58.9mg,0.077mmol)溶于无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.5ml),搅拌该溶液14.5小时,用醚(20ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(3×5ml)洗涤。有机层在硅藻土(celite)上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-10%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的白色固态吖丁啶酮IXb(44.9mg,90%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.56(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.43(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.37(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.30(2H,dd,J=4.7,9.0Hz),7.06(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),7.03(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),4.99(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),4.69(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.61(1H,d,J=5.0Hz),4.42(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.34(1H,bs),4.15(1H,dt,J=1.2,8.7Hz),3.86(1H,dd,J=1.2,14.9Hz),3.79(1H,d,J=8.1Hz),3.65(1H,t,J =8.7Hz),3.57(1H,dd,J=10.0,14.9Hz),3.44-3.38(1H,m),3.38(3H,s),3.32-3.14(2H,m),2.08-1.86(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ167.42,163.87,160.85,157.67,150.13,142.52,138.18,134.93(C),128.35,128.22,128.13,123.83,119.01,118.89,116.44,116.13,115.40,115.11(CH),100.74,74.77,73.56,73.04,72.77,68.01,61.27,60.56(CH),55.56(CH3),52.83,37.54,25.70(CH2).IR(cm-1)3395,2925,1732,1604,1509,1365,1219,1148,1103,1051,1014,871,834,752.MALDI-MS[MNa]+672.1693(计算值672.1691).C31H33F2NO10S分析计算值C,57.31;H,5.12;N,2.16.实测值C,57.34;H,5.26;N,2.21.c)将LiAlH4(57mg,1.5mmol)和AlCl3(200mg,1.5mmol)悬浮于无水乙醚中(15ml),回流30分钟并冷却至0℃。加入溶于无水THF(1ml,2×0.5ml漂洗)中的在步骤5b)中获得的吖丁啶酮IXb(26.8mg,0.041mmol),在0℃下搅拌10分钟后,逐滴加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml)。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.7×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-12%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的无色油状吖丁啶IX(20.4mg,78%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.63-7.59(2H,m),7,49-7.42(2H,m),7.36-7.29(2H,m),7.10-7.01(2H,m),6.92-6.77(2H,m),6.40-6.35(2H,m),4.72(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.62(1H,d,J=5.0Hz),4.61(1H,bs),4.52(1H,d,J=6.9Hz),4.31(2H,t,J=4.4Hz),4.21-4.15(2H,m),3.90(1H,dd,J=1.2,14.9Hz),3.76(1H,d,J=8.1Hz),3.68(1H,dd,J=3.7,9.3Hz),3.66-3.57(2H,m),3.41(3H,s,OMe),3.38-3.31(1H,m),3.25(1H,dt,J=5.0,13.7Hz),2.62(1H,dd,J=6.8,14.3Hz),1.92-1.84(1H,m),1.74-1.57(3H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ163.90,160.69,158.31,155.22,149.93,149.72,149.52,142.90,142.84(C),129.60,129.44,128.30,128.24,128.13,123.51,122.99,115.95,115.91,115.66,115.40,115.11,113.87,113.77,113.67,113.57(CH),100.84,74.86,74.03,73.68,73.14,72.87,68.09(CH),56.67(CH2),55.63(CH3),52.83(CH2),42.78(CH),37.60,29.83(CH2).IR(cm-1)3390,2935,2850,1605,1508,1474,1366,1221,1147,1052,1015,874,824,755.MALDI-MS(C31H35F2NO9S)[MH-H2O]+618.1968(计算值618.1973);[MH]+636.2045(计算值636.2079);[MNa]+658.1901(计算值658.1898).
实施例6 根据在步骤5a)下所描述的方法利用C-(羟甲基)-2,3,4,6-四-O-苯甲基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(根据RajanBabu,T.V.;Reddy,G.S.J.Org.Chem.1986,51,5458-5461制备)作为起始原料来制备上述磺酰氯Xa。
b)在步骤6a)中获得的磺酰氯IXa(871mg,1.26mmol)悬浮于无水CH2Cl2(10ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(1.0ml)和在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(334mg,0.634mmol)并搅拌该溶液13小时,用EtOAc(50ml)稀释并随后用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.3×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-100%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的相应的糖基化吖丁啶酮(657mg,92%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37-7.15(28H,m),7.01(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.96(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),5.03-4.81(4H,m),4.73-4.51(6H,m),3.95(1H,t,J=8.4Hz),3.78(4H,bs),3.57-3.53(1H,m),3.48(1H,d,J=1.2Hz),3.40(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.24(1H,dd,J=9.3,14.9Hz),3.02-2.95(1H,m),1.97-1.80(4H,m),0.92(9H,s),0.06(3H,s),-0.11(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.72,163.24,160.35,160.01,157.13,149.25,140.37,140.33,137.90,137.65,137.58,137.12,136.97,136.52,133.52,133.48(C),128.46,128.32,128.28,128.17,128.02,127.97,127.81,127.76,127.67,127.63,127.52,127.13,127.02,123.32,118.13,118.02,115.90,115.60,115.01,114.72(CH),86.83,79.13,78.83,77.73(CH),75.56,75.00,74.85(CH2),74.19,73.77(CH),73.31(CH2),68.36,60.57,60.53(CH),51.31,38.03(CH2),25.85(CH3),24.67(CH2),18.20(C),-4.57,-4.87(CH3).IR(cm-1)2951,2929,2858,1751,1605,1510,1454,1386,1362,1251,1220,1151,1102,871,835,776,754,699.MALDI-MS[MNa]+1146.4440(计算值1146.4434).C65H71F2NO10SiS分析计算值C,69.43;H,6.36;N,1.25.实测值C,69.27;H,6.47;N,1.28.
然后将前面获得的糖基化吖丁啶酮(236mg,0.210mmol)溶于EtOH/EtOAc(10ml,1∶1(v/v))中,加入Pd(OH)2/C(20%(w/w),73mg)并用H2排空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌3.5小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状脱苄基的吖丁啶酮(145mg,90%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.55(2H,dd,J=6.5,8.7Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.40-7.20(4H,m),7.11-6.98(4H,m),4.97(1H,dd,J=2.3,10.5Hz),4.83(1H,bs),4.61(1H,bs),4.48(1H,bs),4.30(1H,bs),3.90-3.81(3H,m),3.71-3.64(1H,m),3.56-3.38(5H,m),3.25-3.14(2H,m),2.66(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),1.98-1.81(4H,m),0.88(9H,s),0.05(3H,s),-0.15(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ168.30,161.88,158.69,151.25,142.96,139.63,139.16,139.13,135.98(C),131.66,131.56,129.36,129.28,124.92,120.00,119.90,117.46,117.16,116.62,116.52(CH),82.13,80.16,76.75,75.44,74.46,72.35(CH),63.64(CH2),61.60,61.55(CH),54.03,39.52(CH2),27.20(CH3),26.35(CH2),19.68(C),-3.44,-3.69(CH3).IR(cm-1)3380,2930,2858,1749,1604,1510,1385,1363,1220,1172,1149,1088,1032,1016,872,835,757.MALDI-MS[MNa]+786.2563(计算值786.2556).C37H47F2NO10SiS分析计算值C,58.17;H,6.20;N,1.83.实测值C,58.02;H,6.26;N,1.85.
然后将该脱苄基的吖丁啶酮(31.5mg,0.041mmol)溶于无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.5ml),搅拌该溶液24小时,用乙醚(20ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(3×5ml)洗涤。有机层在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.3×2.0cm)在在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的白色固态吖丁啶酮X(9.8mg,37%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.55(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.36(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.29(2H,dd,J=4.8,9.2Hz),7.06(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.03(2H,d,J=9.0Hz),4.98(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),4.68(1H,bs),4.58(1H,bs),4.38(1H,bs),4.27(1H,bs),3.89-3.80(3H,m),3.66(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),3.54-3.36(5H,m),3.24-3.14(2H,m),2.00-1.86(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ168.48,151.29,143.63,139.23,136.09(C),129.37,129.29,129.19,124.97,120.05,119.94,117.49,117.18,116.46,116.18(CH),82.17,80.18,76.78,74.49,73.79,72.42(CH),63.67(CH2),62.35,61.63(CH),54.06,38.62,26.75(CH2).IR(cm-1)3364,2924,1734,1509,1388,1220,1148,1102,872,835,769.MALDI-MS(C31H33F2NO10S)[MNa]+672.1744(计算值672.1691).
实施例7
LiAlH4(57mg,1.5mmol)和AlCl3(200mg,1.5mmol)悬浮于无水乙醚中(15ml)回流30分钟并冷却至0℃。加入溶于无水乙醚(5ml)中的在实施例6中获得的吖丁啶酮X(41.3mg,0.054mmol),在0℃下搅拌10分钟后,逐滴加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml)。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的相应的吖丁啶(38.2mg,94%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.58(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.29(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.05(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.88(2H,t,J=9.0Hz),6.37(2H,dd,J 4.7,9.0Hz),4.71(1H,t,J=5.5Hz),4.61(1H,d,J=5.0Hz),4.49(2H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.30(1H,bs),4.17(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.92-3.83(3H,m),3.74-3.66(1H,m),3.57-3.40(5H,m),3.32-3.15(2H,m),2.63-2.56(1H,m),1.82-1.56(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.04(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ164.97,161.76,159.31,156.21,150.76,150.47,150.45,143.77,143.11,143.07(C),129.35,129.22,124.60,116.95,116.65,116.48,116.19,114.86,114.75(CH),82.15,80.21,76.81,75.43,74.99,74.52,72.41(CH),63.70,57.54,53.95(CH2),43.62(CH),39.47,31.22(CH2),27.20(CH3),19.70(C),-3.40,-3.68(CH3).IR(cm-1)3377,2930,2856,1605,1508,472,1361,1252,1222,1147,1090,1015,871,836,776,760.MALDI-MS(C37H49F2NO9SSi)[MNa]+772.2767(计算值772.2763).
将前面获得的吖丁啶(34.3mg,0.046mmol)溶于无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.5ml)并搅拌该溶液14小时,用醚(20ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(3×5ml)洗涤。有机层在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.9×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-18%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的无色油状吖丁啶XI(20.2mg,69%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.61(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),7.48(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.30(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.04(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.89(2H,m),6.38(2H,dd,J=4.4,8.7Hz),4.60(2H,d,J=4.4Hz),4.52(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.45(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),4.29(2H,d,J=4.4Hz),4.19(1H,t,J=6.8Hz),4.03-3.83(3H,m),3.80-3.67(1H,m),3.60-3.31(6H,m),3.25(1H,p,J=4.4Hz),2.62(1H,dd,J=7.5,14.3Hz),1.92-1.82(1H,m),1.78-1.61(3H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮-d6)δ164.04,155.14,149.92,149.71,149.47,142.77,129.48(C),128.19,128.16,128.05,123.52,123.03,115.87,115.58,115.39,115.32,115.05,113.78,113.69,113.61,113.51(CH),81.09,79.15,75.76,73.98,73.46,72.75,71.36(CH),62.63,56.60,52.88(CH2),42.68(CH),37.52,29.61(CH2).IR(cm-1)3370,2933,1605,1508,1474,1360,1220,1146,1087,1015,873,823,771.MALDI-MS(C31H35F2NO9S)[MH-H2O]+618.1973(计算值618.1973);[M]+635.1996(计算值635.2001);[MNa]+658.1900(计算值658.1898).
实施例8
将Ezetimibe(购买或根据Wu,G.Z.et al.,J.Org.Chem.1999合成;279mg,0.681mmol)溶于无水DMF(5ml)中,然后加入咪唑(262mg,3.84mmol)和TBDMSCI(500mg,3.32mmol)并搅拌该溶液5小时,接着加入50%NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)。在用EtOAc(4×20ml)萃取之后,用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)连续洗涤混合有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(3.8×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-10%EtOAc/己烷中(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的全硅烷化吖丁啶酮XIIa(424mg,97%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25-7.21(4H,m),7.17(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),6.98(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.91(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.83(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),4.66(1H,t,J=5.6Hz),4.51(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),3.08-3.02(1H,m),1.96-1.78(4H,m),0.98(9H,s),0.88(9H,s),0.20(6H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.27,163.28,160.27,160.04,157.06,155.71,140.58,140.54,133.89,133.86(C),129.99,127.22,127.11,126.94,120.56,118.24,118.15,115.74,115.44,114.99,114.72(CH),73.84,61.08,60.44(CH),38.08(CH2),25.90,25.68(CH3),24.75(CH2),18.26,18.24(C),-4.28,-4.52,-4.83(CH3).IR(cm-1)2954,2930,2858,1752,1607,1510,1385,1259,1223,1101,1085,914,834,778.MALDI-MS[MH-TBDMSOH]+506.2329(计算值506.2327);[MH]+638.3289(计算值638.3297);[MNa]+660.3117(计算值660.3117).C36H49F2NO3Si2分析计算值C,67.78;H,7.74;N,2.20.实测值C,67.70;H,7.60;N,2.02.

LiAlH4(57mg,1.5mmol)和AlCl3(200mg,1.5mmol)悬浮于无水醚中(15ml),回流40分钟并冷却至0℃。加入溶于无水醚(5ml)中的在步骤8a)中获得的全硅烷化吖丁啶酮XIIa(180.8mg,0.283mmol),在0℃下搅拌30分钟后,逐滴加入H2O(1ml)。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(3.5×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-50%CH2Cl2/己烷中(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的无色油状的二环胺XIIb(110.8mg,63%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.18-7.14(2H,m),6.95(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.88(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.74(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),6.68(1H,dd,J=2.8,8.4Hz),6.44(1H,dd,J=6.5,8.7Hz),6.38(1H,dd,J=2.8,9.6Hz),4.48(1H,dd,J=5.0,6.8Hz),3.78(1H,bs),3.61(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),3.26(1H,dd,J=3.1,11.2Hz),2.91(1H,dd,J=7.8,11.5Hz),1.91-1.85(1H,m),1.68-1.44(3H,m),1.16-1.04(1H,m),0.99(9H,s),0.80(9H,s),0.20(6H,s),0.06(3H,s),-0.21(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.60,160.36,157.37,154.27,141.53,141.01,138.13(C),130.07,127.56,127.46,125.58,125.50,120.01,117.27,116.98,115.17,114.89,114.78,114.08,113.79(CH),74.64,48.97(CH),44.52(CH2),39.89(CH),38.67,28.28(CH2),26.00,25.90(CH3),18.38,18.32(C),-4.16,-4.43,-4.77(CH3).IR(cm-1)2955,2930,2858,1607,1506,1472,1408,1361,1258,1222,1170,1144,1085,1006,915,837,808,779,735,667.MALDI-MS(C36H51F2NO2Si2)[MH-TBDMSOH]+492.2517(计算值492.2534);[M]+623.3414(计算值623.3426).C36H51F2NO2Si2分析计算估C,69.30;H,8.24;N,2.24.实测值C,69.47;H,8.32;N,2.15.
c)将在步骤8b)中获得的二环胺XIIb(39.8mg,0.064mmol)溶于THF(5ml)中,加入TBAF(0.5ml,THF中1M)并搅拌该溶液21小时,在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(3.7×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-100%EtOAc/己烷中(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的浅黄色固态胺XII(27.7mg,25%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.19-7.15(2H,m),6.97(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.87(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),6.74-6.66(3H,m),6.46(1H,dd,J=5.0,8.7Hz),6.38(1H,dd,J=2.2,9.0Hz),5.54(1H,bs),4.52(1H,t,J=6.5Hz),3.61(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),3.26(1H,dd,J=3.4,11.5Hz),2.90(1H,dd,J=7.5,11.5Hz),1.95-1.86(1H,m),1.78-1.68(2H,m),1.52-1.41(1H,m),1.19-1.06(1H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.55,160.30,157.10,154.25,154.00,140.44,139.95,139.90,137.07(C),129.90,127.46,127.36,125.24,116.99,116.70,115.28,115.26,115.21,115.15,115.00,114.95,114.84,113.91,113.61(CH),73.94,48.53(CH),43.98(CH2),39.73(CH),36.43,27.95(CH2).IR(cm-1)3335,2925,2853,1607,1511,1223,913,836,744.MALDI-MS(C24H23F2NO2)[MH-H2O]+378.1661(计算值378.1670);[M]+395.1689(计算值395.1670)实施例9 将在步骤8b)中获得的二环胺XIIb(503mg,0.806mmol)溶于0℃下无水THF(15ml)中,加入TBAF(1.5ml,THF中1M)并在0℃下搅拌该溶液1.5小时,用EtOAc(50ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)连续洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(3.4×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷中(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生淡黄色泡沫状的相应的酚(344.2mg,84%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.16(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.1Hz),6.95(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.90(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.72(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.72-6.67(1H,m),6.48(1H,dd,J=4.4,8.7Hz),6.39(1H,dd,J=2.7,9.6Hz),4.49(1H,dd,J=5.6,6.8Hz),4.40(1H,bs),3.61(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),3.28(1H,dd,J=2.7,11.2Hz),2.92(1H,dd,J=8.1,11.2Hz),1.93-1.87(1H,m),1.73-1.47(3H,m),1.20-1.15(1H,m),0.81(9H,s),0.06(3H,s),-0.20(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.16,159.93,157.15,154.03,141.13,141.09,140.43,140.40,137.05(C),129.95,127.21,127.11,125.69,125.62,116.92,116.62,115.23,114.98,114.87,114.83,114.55,113.83,113.53(CH),74.36,48.77(CH),44.49(CH2),39.78(CH),38.46,28.07(CH2),25.81(CH3),18.17(C),-4.52,-4.90(CH3).IR(cm-1)3338,2954,2929,2857,1606,1508,1475,1462,1361,1251,1221,1084,836,775,760.MALDI-MS(C30H37F2NO2Si)[MH-TBDMSOH]+378.1657(计算值378.1670);[M]+509.2553(计算值509.2562).
将前面获得的酚(79mg,0.15mmol)和2,3,6-三-O-乙酰基-4-O-(2,3,4,6-四-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基)-α-D-吡喃葡糖基1-(2,2,2-三氯亚氨逐乙酸酯)(根据Buijsman,R.C.et al.,Bioorg.Med.Chem.1999,7,1881-1890制备;267mg,0.34mmol)溶于-25℃下无水CH2Cl2(2ml)中并加入CH2Cl2中BF3·OEt2(1∶9(v/v),0.10ml,0.08mmol)。在-25--20℃下搅拌2.5小时后,另外加入BF3·OEt2(0.05ml,0.39mmol),在-25--20℃下再搅拌1小时后,加入NH4Cl饱和水溶液(10ml)和EtOAc(10ml)。将各层分离并用EtOAc(3×10ml)萃取水相。用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10ml)和H2O(10ml)连续洗涤混合有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-70%EtOAc/己烷中(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状糖基化胺(169mg,97%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.12(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),6.94-6.84(6H,m),6.66(1H,dt,J=2.5,8.1Hz),6.42(1H,dd,J=4.4,8.7Hz),6.29(1H,dd,J=2.7,9.6Hz),5.29-4.90(6H,m),4.54-4.43(3H,m),4.37(1H,dd,J=4.4,12.5Hz),4.16-4.02(2H,m),3.86(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.77-3.64(2H,m),3.60(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),3.23(1H,dd,J=2.7,11.5Hz),2.88(1H,dd,J=8.1,11.2Hz),2.07-1.96(21H,m),1.87-1.75(1H,m),1.70-1.38(3H,m),1.13-0.97(1H,m),0.76(9H,s),-0.10(3H,s),-0.25(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ170.38,170.09,169.67,169.47,169.20,168.96,163.25,160.01,156.95,155.27,153.85,141.10,140.73,140.10(C),129.91,127.21,127.11,124.80,116.68,114.83,114.56,113.62(CH),100.71,98.80,76.33,74.20,72.81,72.69,72.42,71.89,71.48,71.27,67.63(CH),61.84,61.42(CH2),48.71(CH),44.19(CH2),39.61(CH),38.27,27.85(CH2),25.64,20.67,20.58,20.43(CH3),17.96(C),-4.76,-5.14(CH3).IR(cm-1)2955,2858,1756,1506,1368,1223,1049,837,770.MALDI-MS(C56H71F2NO19Si)[MNa]+1150.4235(计算值1150.4255).
将在前面获得的糖基化胺(370mg,0.328mmol)溶于THF(10ml)中,加入TBAF(1.0ml,THF中1M)并搅拌该溶液27小时,用EtOAc(40ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(15ml)和H2O(15ml)连续洗涤。蒸发有机层并将中间产物[MALDI-MS(C50H57F2NO19)[MNa]+1036.3394(计算值1036.3391)]溶于MeOH/Et3N/THF(12mL,1∶1∶2(v/v/v))中,逐滴加入H2O(10.5mL)并搅拌该溶液18小时。逐滴加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml),在硅藻土上蒸发悬浮液并通过干柱真空色谱(4.0×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-25%MeOH/EtOAc(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,在用己烷(20ml)共蒸发之后产生所需的白色固态二环胺VIII(80.5g,34%)。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.20(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.02-6.93(6H,m),6.65(1H,dt,J=2.5,8.7Hz),6.54(1H,dd,J=5.0,8.7Hz),6.23(1H,dd,J=2.5,10.0Hz),4.94(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),4.47-4.43(2H,m),3.92(2H,bs),3.90(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),3.72-3.52(6H,m),3.43-3.22(5H,m),2.86(1H,dd,J=8.1,11.8Hz),1.96-1.84(1H,m),1.80-1.68(2H,m),1.50-1.35(1H,m),1.17-1.03(1H,m).13C-NMR (75MHz,CD3OD)δ164.71,161.49,157.30,155.12,142.58,141.98,141.95,140.78(C),130.89,128.83,128.72,126.64,126.56,117.52,117.36,117.09,115.86,115.57(CH),104.44,101.98,80.21,78.01,77.76,76.49,76.22,74.83,74.58,74.41,71.29(CH),62.39,61.63(CH2),50.00(CH),45.09(CH2),40.95(CH),37.38,29.09(CH2).MALDI-MS(C36H43F2NO12)[MNa]+742.2654(计算值742.2651).
实施例10 将在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(104.0mg,0.199mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(10ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和PhSO2Cl(0.10ml,0.78mmol)并搅拌该溶液19小时。另外加入PhSO2Cl(0.10ml,0.78mmol)并搅拌该溶液69小时,用EtOAc(50ml)稀释并随后用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×3.3cm)相继在硅胶上以0-100%CH2Cl2/己烷(v/v)并随后以0.5-1.0%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应的苯磺酸盐(92.0mg,70%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中1%MeOH(v/v))0.72;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(2H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.66(1H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.51(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.25-7.14(6H,m),7.00(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.97(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.91(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.66(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.2Hz),4.55(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.02-2.96(1H,m),1.94-1.75(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.00(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.82,163.44,160.51,157.29,149.35,140.54(C),136.77(CH),135.26,134.32,133.56,129.13(C),128.31,127.27,127.17,127.08,123.15,118.23,118.12,115.93,115.63,115.09,114.82,73.76,60.53,60.40(CH),37.92(CH2),25.75(CH3),24.59(CH2),18.10(C),-4.71,-5.03(CH3).IR(cm-1)2953,2930,2857,1752,1605,1510,1450,1382,1252,1221,1202,1181,1155,1093,1016,868,835,776,753,700,687.MALDI-MS(C36H39F2NO5SSi)[MH-TBDMSOH]+532.1395(计算值532.1394);[MNa]+686.2185(计算值686.2184).
将该苯磺酸盐(90.0mg,0.136mmol)溶于0℃下的无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.5ml)并使该溶液缓慢升温到室温。14小时之后,用乙醚(20ml)稀释该混合物并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(3×5ml)洗涤。有机层在硅藻土(celite)上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(5.0×2.0cm)相继在硅胶上以0-100%CH2Cl2/己烷中(v/v)和1-7%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的β-内酰胺XIV(69.2mg,93%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中3%MeOH(v/v))0.33;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.82(2H,dd,J=1.2,7.5Hz),7.67(1H,tt,J=1.2,7.5Hz),7.51(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.29-7.22(4H,m),7.15(2H,dd,J=4.4,8.7Hz),6.99(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.98(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),6.92(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.68(1H,dd,J=5.6,6.2Hz),4.60(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),3.06-2.98(1H,m),2.55(1H,bs),2.04-1.84(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.87,163.56,160.44,160.31,157.22,149.23,139.84,139.79(C),136.46(CH),135.10,134.26,133.37(C),129.07,128.22,127.26,127.16,127.02,123.07,118.21,118.11,115.93,115.62,115.36,115.07,72.98,60.50,60.32(CH),36.54,25.09(CH2).IR(cm-1)3440,3069,3017,2927,2862,1747,1604,1510,1450,1426,1378,1221,1201,1180,1154,1094,1016,868,835,753,700,687,668.MALDI-MS(C30H25F2NO5S)[MH-H2O]+532.1388(计算值532.1394);[MNa]+572.1302(计算值572.1319).
实施例11
将LiAlH4(57mg,1.5mmol)和AlCl3(202mg,1.5mmol)悬浮于无水乙醚中(15ml)回流30分钟并冷却至0℃。加入溶于无水乙醚(5ml)中的在实施例10中获得的β-内酰胺XIV(62.8mg,0.114mmol),在0℃下搅拌20分钟后,逐滴加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml)。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.8×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状吖丁啶XV(24.5mg,40%)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.46;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88-7.82(2H,m),7.70-7.63(1H,m),7.55-7.47(2H,m),7.38-7.30(2H,m),7.24-7.19(2H,m),7.05-6.98(4H,m),6.83(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.26(2H,dd,J=4.4,9.3Hz),4.56(1H,dd,J=5.0,7.5Hz),4.36(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),4.09(1H,dd,J=6.8,7.5Hz),3.27(1H,dd,J=6.8,7.5Hz),2.79(1H,d,J=5.6Hz),2.52(1H,dd,J=6.8,7.5Hz),1.89-1.52(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.65,160.40,157.73,154.61,148.65,148.07,141.59,139.94,135.36(C),134.11,129.24,129.03,128.30,127.28,127.17,122.54,115.45,115.15,112.99,112.90,73.47,73.32(CH),55.89(CH2),41.74(CH),36.30,29.93(CH2).
IR(cm-1)3411,2937,2853,1604,1508,1474,1450,1374,1221,1198,1175,1151,1093,1016,867,823,752,700,686.MALDI-MS(C30H27F2NO4S)[MH-H2O]+518.1596(计算值518.1601);[M]+535.1619(计算值535.1629);[MNa]+558.1512(计算值558.1527).
实施例12 将在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(105mg,0.201mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(5ml)中,然后加入无水吡啶(0.5ml,5.0mmol)和3-羧基-4-羟基苯磺酰氯(根据Stewart,J.J.Chem.Soc.1922,121,2555-2561制备;223mg,0.94mmol)并在室温下搅拌该悬浮液63小时。混合物在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.7×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-15%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应的硅烷化磺酸盐(76.2mg,53%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中20%MeOH(v/v))0.68;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3CN)δ10.36(1H,bs),8.31(1H,bs),7.69(1H,bs),7.31-7.13(8H,m),7.00(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),6.89(2H,t,J=8.1Hz),6.57(1H,bs),4.72(1H,bs),4.65(1H,bs),3.12(1H,bs),2.98(1H,bs),1.88-1.72(4H,m),0.84(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.18(3H,s),13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3CN)δ168.91,167.92,163.57,160.97,157.89,150.74,142.17,142.14,137.17,134.89(C),128.57,128.45,128.16,123.34,119.23,119.17,118.18,116.68,116.38,115.71,115.43,74.39,61.14,60.64(CH),38.40(CH2),26.12(CH3),25.10(CH2),18.65(C),-4.53,-4.69(CH3).IR(cm-1)3450,2954,2930,2858,1751,1696,1606,1585,1510,1478,1386,1339,1293,1220,1194,1126,1103,1087,1063,1042,835,777,758.MALDI-MS(C37H39F2NO8SSi)[M-H+2Na]+768.1851(计算值768.1851).
将该硅烷化磺酸盐(74.2mg,62.5mmol)溶于0℃下无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.5ml),并使该溶液缓慢温暖至室温。在15小时之后,加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(15ml),悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.4×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-25%MeOH/EtOAc(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色固态磺酸盐XVI(43.6mg,70%)。
Rf(1∶3MeOH/EtOAc(v/v))0.44;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ8.53(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),7.99(1H,dd,J=2.5,8.7Hz),7.48(1H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.35-7.28(6H,m),7.07-6.97(5H,m),4.93(1H,d,J=2.5Hz),4.62(1H,dd,J=5.0,6.2Hz),3.17-3.08(1H,m),1.97-1.84(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.19,164.04,151.43,142.04,142.01,138.00(C),137.35(CH),134.92(C),129.46,128.72,128.62,128.44,123.54,119.86,119.76,118.63,116.82,116.51,115.98,115.68(CH),112.37(C),73.73,61.65,61.39(CH),37.49,26.18(CH2).MALDI-MS(C31H25F2NO8S)[M-H+2Na]+654.1000(计算值654.0986).
实施例13 将在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(80.3mg,0.153mmol)和醇XVIIa(根据Spak,S.J.;Martin,O.R.Tetrahedron 2000,56,217-224制备;101.5mg,0.103mmol)溶于0℃下无水THF(10ml)中,然后加入Bu3P(50mg,0.20mmol)和1,1’-(偶氮羰基)二哌啶(39.5mg,0.17mmol),在几个小时内使悬浮液升温到环境温度。在室温下搅拌26小时后,加入EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v),30ml),通过硅藻土过滤悬浮液(2×10ml EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v))洗涤)。滤液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-25%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的相应C-葡糖苷和未反应的酚VIa的混合物(49.7mg)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.64;13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.39,163.27,160.31,158.82,157.09,140.54,140.49,139.05,138.37,138.29,138.19,137.85,133.78,133.73,129.40,128.96,128.23,128.12,128.04,127.94,127.86,127.73,127.63,127.57,127.49,127.41,127.20,127.10,126.87,118.30,118.19,116.01,115.78,115.49,115.30,114.99,114.71,102.41,85.35,84.84,82.70,79.29,78.01,77.82,77.19,75.64,75.25,75.10,75.02,74.96,74.81,73.84,73.26,68.99,68.15,67.49,61.07,60.44,38.09,25.90,24.72,18.25,-4.53,-4.83.MALDI-MS(C92H99F2NO13Si)[MNa]+1514.6763(计算值1514.6751).
然后将C-葡糖苷和酚VIa的混合物(49.7mg)溶于EtOH/EtOAc(10ml,1∶1(v/v)),加入Pd(OH)2/C(20%(w/w),31mg)并用H2抽空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌3小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应脱苄基的C-葡糖苷(18.7mg,21%来自VIa)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中20%MeOH(v/v))0.44;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.31-7.23(6H,m),7.04-6.94(6H,m),4.71(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),4.41(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),4.12(1H,dd,J=5.3,10.9Hz),3.91-3.81(3H,m),3.66(1H,d,J=5.6,11.8Hz),3.57-3.47(3H,m),3.40-3.20(7H,m),3.07(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),1.92-1.78(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.18(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.71,160.66,145.96,142.43,131.16,131.05,128.89,128.80,128.62,120.00,119.89,116.83,116.54,116.41,116.02,115.74,115.58,104.65,80.78,80.43,79.64,78.16,77.90,75.13,74.99,71.43,62.50,62.08,61.29,38.96,26.38,25.75,19.06,-4.40.MALDI-MS(C43H57F2NO13Si)[MNa]+884.3668(计算值884.3465).
随后,将脱苄基的C-葡糖苷(18.3mg,0.021mmol)溶于0℃下无水THF(2.5ml,特氟隆瓶)中,相继加入无水吡啶(0.50ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.50ml),并搅拌该溶液17小时。加入NaHCO3,悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色固体状的所需C-葡糖苷VIII(10.3mg,65%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中20%MeOH(v/v))0.31;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.33-7.24(6H,m),7.05-6.94(6H,m),4.78(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),4.60(1H,t,J=4.4Hz),4.41(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),4.30(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),4.12(1H,dd,J=5.0,10.6Hz),3.91-3.84(3H,m),3.66(1H,d,J=5.6,11.8Hz),3.57-3.49(3H,m),3.40-3.20(6H,m),3.10-3.06(1H,m),1.97-1.82(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.52,164.87,160.42,142.07,133.18(C),131.03,130.87,128.68,128.59,128.47,123.36,119.86,119.74,116.69,116.38,116.25,116.22,115.96,115.88,115.68,104.54,80.71,80.36,79.58,78.11,77.85,74.94,73.70,71.38(CH),69.02,62.47(CH2),62.09(CH2+CH),61.20(CH),37.54,26.18(CH2).MALDI-MS(C37H43F2NO13)[MNa]+770.2589(计算值770.2600).
实施例14 将醇XVIIa(根据Spak,S.J.;Martin,R.Tetrahedron 2000,56,217-224制备;895.3mg,0.907mmol)溶于0℃下无水CH2Cl2(10ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(1.0ml)和MsCl(0.20ml,2.6mmol),在搅拌1小时后,加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(40ml)。层分离并用EtOAc(3×20ml)萃取水层。用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(20ml)和H2O(20ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×3.3cm)在己烷中0-50%EtOAc(v/v)梯度洗脱的硅胶上纯化,以产生白色固态的相应的甲磺酸盐(830.7g,86%)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.67;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.49-7.24(35H,m),5.31(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),5.00(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.98-4.79(6H,m),4.66-4.36(9H,m),4.09(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),3.90(1H,dd,J=2.8,10.9Hz),3.83(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),3.75-3.62(5H,m),3.55-3.39(5H,m),2.97(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ138.97,138.37,138.21,138.04,137.61(C),128.37,128.29,128.18,128.08,127.93,127.84,127.76,127.38,127.34,127.24,102.51,84.86,82.64,78.70,77.94,76.84,76.53,76.38,75.57(CH),75.22,75.09(CH2),74.96,74.78(CH2,CH),73.21,73.02,69.22,68.89,67.76(CH2),37.74(CH3).IR(cm-1)3063,3030,2867,1497,1454,1358,1277,1209,1174,1150,1092,1071,1028,984,922,812,737,698,527.MALDI-MS(C63H68O13S)[MNa]+1087.4284(计算值1087.4278).C63H68O13S分析计算值C,71.03;H,6.43.实测值C,70.94;H,6.62.
随后,将该甲磺酸盐(825mg,0.774mmol)溶于EtOH(20ml)中,加入KOSCMe(278mg,2.43mmol)、iPrOH(10ml)和THF(10ml)并回流搅拌该橙色溶液3小时(橙色沉淀)。再加入KOSCMe(512mg,4.48mmol)并回流搅拌该溶液16小时。冷却后,加入50%的NaHCO3饱和水溶液(100ml)并用醚(4×30ml)萃取悬浮液。用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)和H2O(50ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.2×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生亮橙色固态的相应的硫代乙酸盐(637g,79%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.45;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43-7.19(35H,m),5.22(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.92(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.88(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.87-4.71(5H,m),4.62(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),4.60-4.43(5H,m),4.41(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.06(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),3.86(1H,dd,J=3.7,11.2Hz),3.75(1H,dd,J=1.6,10.9Hz),3.69-3.55(5H,m),3.51-3.31(6H,m),3.05(1H,dd,J=6.8,13.7Hz),2.34(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ195.04,139.19,138.53,138.30,138.24,138.17,137.96(C),128.33,128.26,128.20,128.04,127.79,127.71,127.63,127.55,127.47,127.29,127.19,102.40,85.12,84.88,82.71,79.85,79.30,78.05,77.87(CH),75.62,75.18(CH2),75.09(CH),74.94,74.81,73.26,73.21,68.96,67.86,31.12(CH2),30.49(CH3).IR(cm-1)3030,2868,1692,1496,1454,1358,1210,1067,1028,773,735,698,626.MALDI-MS(C64H68O11S)[MNa]+1067.4365(计算值1067.4380).C64H68O11S分析计算值C,73.54;H,6.56.实测值C,73.50;H,6.60.
将前面所得到的硫代乙酸盐(631mg,0.604mmol)溶于AcOH(10ml)中,相继加入KOAc(933mg,9.5mmol)和过硫酸氢钾制剂(2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4,1.179g,2.55mmol),搅拌18小时后,小心加入Na2CO3饱和水溶液(50ml)和H2O(50ml)。在用CHCl3(4×25ml)萃取后,用Na2CO3饱和水溶液(25ml)洗涤混合有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.1×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应的磺酸盐(622mg,96%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中10%MeOH(v/v))0.29;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40-7.14(35H,m),5.19-4.34(15H,m),4.17-3.22(15H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ138.97,138.32,138.21,138.06,137.88,137.84,128.70,128.36,128.18,128.05,127.86,127.76,127.63,127.57,127.44,127.29,127.20,126.94,84.53,84.45,82.01,79.48,77.96,77.75,76.06,76.01,75.46,74.94,74.79,74.67,74.57,73.28,73.08,73.02,53.42.IR(cm-1)3478,3063,3030,2870,1497,1454,1361,1315,1210,1174,1069,1048,1028,736,698,621.MALDI-MS(C62H65NaO13S)[MH]+1073.4098(计算值1073.4122);[MNa]+1095.3926(计算值1095.3941).
最后,获得的磺酸盐(334mg,0.311mmol)悬浮于0℃下的无水乙腈/CH2Cl2(4ml,1∶1(v/v))中,然后加入Ph3P(264mg,1.01mmol)和亚硫酰氯(0.10ml。1.37mmol),在室温下搅拌该悬浮液6小时。加入EtOAc/己烷(1∶4(v/v),30ml),通过硅藻土过滤悬浮液(4×5ml EtOAc/己烷(1∶3(v/v))洗涤),蒸发滤液并在真空下短暂干燥,以产生所需的淡黄色泡沫状磺酰氯XVIIIa(220mg,66%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.38;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50-7.26(35H,m),5.30(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.98(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.96-4.81(5H,m),4.79(1H,d,J=10.6Hz),4.67-4.50(6H,m),4.48(1H,d,J=11.8Hz),4.23-4.15(1H,m),3.98-3.91(2H,m),3.85-3.57(8H,m),3.51-3.38(3H,m),3.30(1H,t J=9.0Hz).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ138.77,138.45,138.17,138.11,137.78,137.27(C),128.63,128.38,128.31,128.18,128.12,127.94,127.78,127.70,127.63,127.55,127.42,127.29,102.32,84.98,84.80,82.66,79.23,77.95,77.82,75.78(CH),75.60,75.38(CH2),75.12(CH),74.99,74.78,74.70(CH2),74.21(CH),73.24,68.95,67.35,66.79(CH2).IR(cm-1)3089,3063,3030,2868,1496,1454,1362,1313,1280,1209,1167,1091,1067,1028,913,771,736,698,601.MALDI-MS(C62H65ClO12S)[MNa]+1091.3767(计算值1091.3783).
将磺酰氯XVIIIa(271mg,0.253mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(3ml)中,相继加入无水吡啶(0.5ml)和在步骤2a)中获得的硅烷化吖丁啶酮酚VIa(75.7mg,0.145mmol)并搅拌该溶液38小时,用EtOAc(50ml)稀释并随后用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(15ml)和H2O(15ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-20%EtOAc/甲苯(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生白色泡沫状的相应磺酸盐和未反应的酚VIa的混合物(166mg,4∶1混合物)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.73;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.49-7.17(41H,m),7.06(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.02(2H,t,J=8.1Hz),6.96(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),5.31(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),5.01-4.74(7H,m),4.65-4.45(8H,m),4.21(1H,t,J=9.3Hz),4.02-3.96(2H,m),3.86-3.60(6H,m),3.53-3.47(4H,m),3.33(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),3.26(1H,t,J=9.0Hz),3.19(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),3.06-3.00(1H,m),2.06-1.84(4H,m),0.96(9H,s),0.10(3H,s),-0.07(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.70,160.35,160.00,156.27,149.33,140.35,140.31,138.63,138.26,138.00,137.90,137.59,137.45,137.29,136.51,133.47(C),128.82,128.73,128.34,128.19,128.08,127.98,127.85,127.66,127.56,127.45,127.30,127.25,127.12,127.01,125.10,123.32,118.11,118.01,115.91,115.60,115.00,114.93,114.72,102.39,84.93,84.80,82.56,78.82,78.55,77.95,75.99(CH),75.60,75.31(CH2),75.15(CH),74.96,74.76(CH2),74.23,73.77(CH),73.21,73.08,68.97,67.62(CH2),61.02,60.57,60.39(CH),51.26,38.02(CH2),25.85(CH3),24.67(CH2),18.19(C),-4.56,-4.87(CH3).19F-NMR(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-114.94(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz),-117.10(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).MALDI-MS(C92H99F2NO15SiS)[MNa]+1578.6365(计算值1578.6370).
随后,将该磺酸盐(166mg,4∶1混合物)溶于EtOH(5ml)中,加入Pd(OH)2/C(20%(w/w),94mg)并用H2抽空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌11.5小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.3×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-10%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状脱苄基的β-内酰胺(69.5mg,52%来自酚VIa)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中20%MeOH(v/v))0.46;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.46-7.38(4H,m),7.31-7.23(4H,m),7.04-6.95(4H,m),4.75-4.68(1H,m),4.44(1H,d,J=8.1Hz),3.92-3.80(5H,m),3.69-3.18(11H,m),3.10-3.05(1H,m),1.95-1.75(4H,m),0.86(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.19(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.31,169.21,161.76,158.91,150.96,142.28,138.45,135.01,134.98,131.06,130.95(C),128.83,124.50,119.92,119.83,116.99,116.68,116.10,116.04,115.81,115.74,104.54,80.33,80.10,78.11,77.81,77.72,76.30,75.13,74.89,73.61,71.38(CH),62.47,61.63(CH2),61.56,61.47(CH),53.26,38.83(CH2),26.38(CH3),25.75(CH2),19.04(C),-4.40,-4.70(CH3).19F-NMR(282MHz,CD3OD)δ-117.94(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz),-120.10(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).MALDI-MS(C43H57F2NO15SiS)[MNa]+948.3088(计算值948.3084).
将该脱苄基的β-内酰胺(59.5mg,0.073mmol)溶于无水THF(2.0ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.40ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.40ml),搅拌该溶液14小时。加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(5ml),在硅藻土上蒸发悬浮液并通过干柱真空色谱(4.4×2.0cm)在硅胶上以10-20%MeOH/CH2Cl2(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生所需的白色固态β-内酰胺XVIII(38.1mg,64%)。
Rf(CH2Cl2中10%MeOH(v/v))0.17(洗脱三次);1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ7.45(2H,t,J=9.3Hz),7.40(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.33-7.24(4H,m),7.02(2H,t,J=8.1Hz),6.98(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),4.90(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),4.60(1H,dd,J=5.0,6.2Hz),4.43(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),3.92-3.79(5H,m),3.69-3.49(4H,m),3.44-3.18(6H,m),3.12-3.06(1H,m),1.99-1.82(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CD3OD)δ169.31,165.08,162.17,161.85,158.96,150.98,142.15,138.51,135.01(C),128.88,128.76,124.46,119.97,119.86,116.99,116.68,116.13,115.84,104.54,80.35,80.06,78.11,77.81,77.71,76.31,74.91,73.77,73.63,71.39(CH),62.45,61.50(CH2),61.42(CH),53.26,37.45,26.12(CH2).19F-NMR(282MHz,CD3OD)δ-118.08(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz),-120.21(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).MALDI-MS(C37H43F2NO15S)[MNa]+834.2223(计算值834.2219).
实施例15 在50ml Schlenk烧瓶中装入Zn(OTf)2(12.647g,34.79mmol)并在高真空下(0.2托)加热至120℃,持续3.5小时。冷却后,加入(+)-N-甲基麻黄碱(6.595g,36.79mmol)并用Ar清洗烧瓶15分钟。相继加入无水甲苯(14ml)和Et3N(3.874g,38.3mmol),搅拌3小时后,一次性加入苯甲基丙炔醚(根据Ren,X.F.;Turos,E.;Lake,C.H.;Churchill,M.R.J.Org.Chem.1995,60,6468-6483制备;5.556g,38.00mmol)。搅拌20分钟后,将混合物转移到预冷却的丙酮浴中(8℃),搅拌5分钟并一次加入p-FC6H4CHO(3.632g,29.26mmol)。在9-12℃下搅拌15小时后,用EtOAc(125ml)稀释该悬浮液并随后用NH4Cl饱和水溶液(2×30ml)和盐水(30ml)洗涤。在硅藻土上蒸发有机层并通过干柱真空色谱(5.4×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生淡黄色油状的炔丙醇X IXa(5.896g,75%)。
通过HPLC分析测定对映体过量96%ee;Rt20分钟(R-X IXa),28分钟(S-X IXa)(纤维素酯(Chiracel OD-H 25cm,6%iPrOH/己烷,流速1.0ml/min,254nm)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.28;;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.38-7.32(5H,m),7.06(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),5.48(1H,s),4.60(2H,s),4.26(2H,s),2.84(1H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ164.01,160.75,136.95,136.04(C),128.30,128.21,127.92,127.81,115.43,115.13(CH),86.13,82.62(C),71.74(CH2),63.74(CH),57.35(CH2).19F-NMR(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-113.28(1F,sep-tet,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3390,3066,3032,2859,1604,1508,1455,1413,1386,1355,1224,1158,1121,1096,1072,1028,1014,842,772,744,699,592,561,498.MALDI-MS(C17H15FO2)[MNa]+293.0947(计算值293.0954).C17H15FO2分析计算值C,75.54;H,5.59.实测值C,75.39;H,5.62.
随后,将该炔丙醇(4.108g,15.20mmol)溶解于无水DMF(25ml)中,然后加入咪唑(2.123g,31.1mmol)和TBDMSCl(3.590mg,23.8mmol)并搅拌该溶液3.5小时,接着加入50%NaHCO3饱和水溶液(150ml)。用乙醚(4×50ml)萃取之后,用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(50ml)和H2O(50ml)连续洗涤合并的有机层,蒸发并在高真空下短暂干燥。将残留物溶于EtOH(40ml)中,加入Na2CO3(3.229g,30.5mmol)和Pd/C(10%(w/w),223mg)并用H2排空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌19小时。用10%EtOAc/己烷(250ml(v/v))稀释悬浮液,并经过硅胶短管过滤(2×25ml 20%EtOAc/己烷洗涤(v/v)),蒸发并在高真空下短暂干燥。将残留物溶于EtOH(40ml)中,加入Pd/C(10%(w/w),142mg)并用H2排空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌1小时。另外加入Pd/C(10%(w/w),190mg)并用H2排空该悬浮液4次,在H2气氛下搅拌1.25小时。悬浮液在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(5.2×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-25%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生浅黄色油状的相应醇(3.643g,80%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.37;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),6.97(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),4.69(1H,dt,J=1.2,5.0Hz),3.59(2H,dt,J=1.2,6.2Hz),2.18(1H,bs),1.77-1.45(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.15(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.37,160.13,140.96,140.91(C),127.32,127.23,114.94,114.64,74.16(CH),62.76,37.19,28.47(CH2),25.76(CH3),18.15(C),-4.71,-5.05(CH3).IR(cm-1)3339,2954,2930,2885,2858,1606,1510,1472,1463,1362,1252,1223,1156,1092,1060,984,890,836,776,668,560.MALDI-MS(C16H27FO2Si)[MNa]+321.1643(计算值321.1662).C16H27FO2Si分析计算值C,64.39;H,9.12.实测值C,64.36;H,9.15.
将前面获得的醇溶于CH2Cl2(50ml)中,加入Dess-Martin过碘烷(periodinane)(5.658g,13.3mmol)并在室温下搅拌该乳液1.5小时。加入Na2SO3饱和水溶液(100ml)并搅浑各层直到固体溶解。分离层并用CH2Cl2(2×40ml)萃取水层。混合有机层在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(5.1×5.5cm)在硅胶上以0-10%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生淡黄色油状的相应醛X IXb(2.093g,80%)。Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.63;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.73(1H,d,J=1.5Hz),7.25(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),6.99(2H,t,J=9.0Hz),4.74(1H,dt,J=5.0,6.8Hz),2.52-2.35(2H,m),2.06-1.88(2H,m),0.88(9H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ201.91(CH),163.35,160.10,140.13(C),127.20,127.10,115.04,114.75,73.03(CH),39.69,33.11(CH2),25.85(CH3),18.21(C),-4.61,-4.95(CH3).IR(cm-1)2955,2938,2888,2858,2720,1727,1606,1509,1472,1464,1412,1390,1362,1254,1223,1156,1090,1014,837,776,670,540.C16H25FO2Si分析计算值C,64.82;H,8.50.实测值C,64.95;H,8.36.
用加热枪在高真空下短暂加热LiCl(140.8mg,3.32mmol),冷却后,相继加入无水CH3CN(5ml)、膦酸盐X IXc(根据Melekhov,A.;Fallis,A.G.Tetrahedron Lett.1999,40,7867-7870制备;660mg,1.68mmol)和DBU(221mg,1.45mmol)。搅拌3分钟后,加入醛X IXb(407.3mg,1.37mmol)并在室温下搅拌该悬浮液2.5小时,接着加入50%NaHCO3饱和水溶液(60ml)。在用乙醚/己烷(1∶1(v/v),4×25ml)萃取后,用盐水(25ml)洗涤混合有机层,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-20%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的烯烃X IXd(520.7mg,71%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.43;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.10-6.94(3H,m),6.53(1H,d,J=14.9Hz),4.65(1H,dd,J=5.0,7.5Hz),3.91(1H,dd,J=5.6,6.8Hz),3.50(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),3.42(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),2.30-2.23(2H,m),2.09-2.02(2H,m),1.90-1.70(5H,m),1.43-1.30(2H,m),1.15(3H,s),0.95(3H,s),0.85(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.20(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.88,163.39,160.14,150.06,140.63(C),127.35,127.26,120.91,114.98,114.69,73.24,64.99(CH),53.04(CH2),48.33,47.67(C),44.58(CH),38.61,38.39,32.71,28.32,26.40(CH2),25.72,20.72,19.78(CH3),18.04(C),-4.74,-5.10(CH3).IR(cm-1)2956,2885,2859,1684,1640,1605,1509,1472,1414,1374,1332,1295,1250,1220,1165,1134,1083,1049,995,970,860,836,774,544.MALDI-MS(C28H42FNO4SSi)[MNa]+558.2479(计算值558.2486).C28H42FNO4SSi分析计算值C,62.77;H,7.90;N,2.61.实测值C,62.84;H,7.78;N,2.58.
将烯烃X IXd溶于无水甲苯(2.0ml)中,加入TMSCHN2(己烷中2M,1.50ml,3.0mmol)并在室温下搅拌该溶液64小时。在蒸发后,将残留物溶于CH2Cl2(10ml),加入TFA(202mg,1.77mmol)并搅拌该溶液20分钟。加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1.5ml),混合物在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-40%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生淡黄色泡沫状的相应吡唑啉(468mg,84%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.25;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.21(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),6.95(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.60(1H,s),6.16(1H,d,J=5.6Hz),4.65(1H,t,J=5.0Hz),4.33(1H,dd,J=5.9,9.7Hz),3.87(1H,dd,J=5.0,7.5Hz),3.67-3.62(1H,bs),3.53(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),3.44(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),2.15-1.99(2H,m),1.91-1.86(3H,m),1.66-1.51(3H,m),1.47-1.21(3H,m),1.14(3H,s),0.95(3H,s),0.86(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ167.96,163.12,159.89(C),146.91(CH),140.52,140.49(C),127.15,127.05,114.83,114.54,73.37,66.44,65.09(CH),52.81(CH2),48.91(C),48.04(CH),47.79(C),44.33(CH),37.98,37.79,32.55,26.76,26.45(CH2),25.82,20.68,19.84(CH3),18.16(C),-4.64,-4.90(CH3).IR(cm-1)3360,2955,2857,1700,1604,1509,1472,1390,1329,1273,1250,1236,1221,1166,1134,1086,1066,994,939,836,775,694,542.MALDI-MS(C29H44FN3O4SSi)[MNa]+600.2691(计算值600.2704).C29H44FN3O4SSi分析计算值C,60.28;H,7.67;N,7.27.实测值C,60.25;H,7.83;N,7.16.
将该吡唑啉(409.8mg,0.709mmol)、Cu(OAc)2(296mg,1.63mmol)和(p-FC6H4)3Bi(根据Banfi,A.;Barto-letti,M.;Bellora,E.;Bignotti,M.;Turconi,M.Synthesis1994,775-776制备;950mg,1.92mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(5ml)中,加入无水Et3N(165mg,1.63mmol)并在室温下搅拌该暗绿色悬浮液12.5小时。在硅藻土上蒸发之后,残留物通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×3.3cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生淡黄色泡沫状的N-芳化吡唑啉X IXe(320.8mg,63%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.33;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24(2H,dd,J=5.3,8.4Hz),7.01-6.94(4H,m),6.89(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.68(1H,d,J=1.9Hz),5.05(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),4.62(1H,t,J=5.3Hz),3.85(1H,dd,J=4.4,7.5Hz),3.59(1H,d,J=14.3Hz),3.58(1H,d,J=14.3Hz),3.41-3.35(1H,m),1.98-1.78(5H,m),1.72-1.60(3H,m),1.41-1.23(3H,m),1.21(3H,s),0.98(3H,s),0.88(9H,s),0.04(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ169.54,163.38,160.14,158.46,155.30(C),142.10(CH),140.75(C),127.32,127.22,115.71,115.40,114.96,114.67,114.22,114.12,73.99,65.48,64.93(CH),53.02(CH,CH2),49.05,47.77(C),44.31(CH),37.98,36.95,32.76,27.79,26.25(CH2),25.75,20.37,19.77(CH3),18.07(C),-4.77,-5.01(CH3).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-116.27(1F,m),-125.73(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)2957,2857,1699,1606,1510,1471,1413,1362,1334,1268,1250,1221,1166,1136,1113,1088,1063,987,836,776,759,538.MALDI-MS(C35H47F2N3O4SSi)[MH-TBDMSOH]+540.2127(计算值540.2132);[MNa]+694.2909(计算值694.2922).C35H47F2N3O4SSi分析计算值C,62.56;H,7.05;N,6.25.实测值C,62.37;H,7.05;N,6.03.
将N-芳化吡唑啉X IXe(101.5mg,0.151mmol)溶于-78℃的无水THF(5ml),加入LiAlH4(33mg,0.87mmol)并在-78℃下搅拌该悬浮液4.5小时。加入NaHCO3饱和水溶液(1ml),混合物在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化两次,以产生淡黄色油状的相应醇(52.7mg,76%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.23;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.04-6.92(6H,m),6.67(1H,d,J=1.2Hz),4.64(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),3.81(1H,dd,J=4.0,11.5Hz),3.68-3.58(2H,m),3.12(1H,dd,J=6.2,6.8Hz),1.86(1H,bs),1.77-1.67(2H,m),1.58-1.48(2H,m),0.86(9H,s),0.00(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.47,160.22,158.83,155.68(C),144.84(CH),142.35,140.67,140.62(C),127.26,127.16,115.75,115.46,115.11,115.06,114.96,114.83,73.76,66.81(CH),62.37(CH2),50.05(CH),37.72,28.28(CH2),25.75(CH3),18.12(C),-4.67,-5.01(CH3).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-115.25(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz),-124.25(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3401,2953,2930,2885,2858,1672,1605,1509,1472,1463,1416,1362,1296,1252,1223,1156,1086,1006,979,938,861,835,776,666,608,554.MALDI-MS(C25H34F2N2O2Si)[MH-CH2O]429.2175(计算值429.2174);[M-H]+459.2279(计算值459.2279).
随后,将该醇(70.8mg,0.154mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(5ml)中,加入无水Et3N(0.50ml,3.9mmol)、DMAP(6.8mg,0.056mmol)和TsCl(69mg,0.36mmol)并在室温下搅拌该乳液12.5小时,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.4×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-20%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应甲苯磺酸盐(78.4mg,83%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.44;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.68(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),7.25(4H,t,J=8.1Hz),6.99(2H,t,J=8.7Hz),6.92-6.80(4H,m),6.64(1H,d,J=1.2Hz),4.65(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.8Hz),4.12(1H,dd,J=2.5,9.3Hz),3.92-3.81(2H,m),3.08-3.01(1H,m),2.42(3H,s),1.80-1.43(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.17(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.49,160.24,158.59,155.43,145.16(C),143.40(CH),140.54,132.21(C),129.84,127.82,127.32,127.21,115.79,115.48,115.12,114.83,114.31,114.22,73.50(CH),67.45(CH2),62.42,50.74(CH),37.35,27.87(CH2),25.77,21.59(CH3),18.10(C),-4.67,-5.01(CH3).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-116.01(1F,m),-125.40(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3055,3034,2953,2930,2886,2857,1603,1509,1472,1463,1365,1307,1294,1252,1223,1190,1177,1156,1096,979,862,835,775,666,608,555.MALDI-MS(C32H40F2N2O4SSi)[MH-TBDMSOH]+483.1559(计算值483.1554);[MNa]+637.2330(计算值637.2344).
将上面获得的甲苯磺酸盐溶解于无水DMF(2.5ml)中,加入氢醌(263mg,2.39mmol)和Cs2CO3(102.1g,0.313mmol)并在80℃下搅拌该悬浮液12小时。加入EtOAc(30ml)并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10ml)和H2O(10ml)洗涤,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-30%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应的酚X IXf(70.9mg,86%)。
Rf(1∶3EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.33;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24(2H,dd,J=5.3,8.4Hz),7.06-6.93(6H,m),6.75-6.68(5H,m),4.67(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.8Hz),4.10-3.98(2H,m),3.74(1H,dd,J=1.2,7.5Hz),3.17-3.11(1H,m),1.86-1.54(4H,m),0.88(9H,s),0.02(3H,s),-0.15(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.32,160.08,158.48,155.35,152.31,149.86(C),143.85(CH),141.52,141.49,140.63(C),127.23,127.12,115.99,115.73,115.51,115.44,115.04,114.75,114.67,114.57,73.78(CH),67.79(CH2),63.88,51.51(CH),37.77,28.38(CH2),25.89(CH3),18.25(C),-4.46,-4.80(CH3).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-115.31(1F,m),-124.71(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3350,3056,2953,2930,2885,2858,1605,1509,1472,1462,1362,1297,1226,1156,1100,1086,1050,1006,939,828,776,667,609,553,518.MALDI-MS(C31H38F2N2O3Si)[MH-TBDMSOH]+421.1720(计算值421.1728);[MH]+553.2677(计算值553.2698);[MNa]+575.2505(计算值575.2517).
将酚X IXf(18.4mg,0.0333mmol)溶于0℃下的无水THF(1.0ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.20ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.20ml),使该溶液在几个小时被温暖到室温并在室温下搅拌22小时,加入醚(20ml)并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(2×5ml)洗涤该溶液,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-60%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的所需二醇X IX(14.4mg,99%)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.27;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.29(2H,dd,J=5.3,8.4Hz),7.06-6.93(6H,m),6.75-6.67(5H,m),4.70(1H,t,J=6.5Hz),4.09-4.03(2H,m),3.72(1H,t,J=10.0Hz),3.18(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.2Hz),1.99-1.50(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.72,160.47,155.31,152.26,149.95(C),143.53(CH),141.41,139.78(C),127.41,127.29,116.01,115.77,115.51,115.23,114.54,114.42,73.49(CH),67.60(CH2),63.67,51.35(CH),35.89,28.70(CH2).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-114.89(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz),-124.64(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3320,2927,1604,1508,1453,1366,1225,1157,1102,1044,910,826,733,609.MALDI-MS(C25H24F2N2O3)[MH-H2O]+421.1717(计算值421.1728);[M]+438.1755(计算值438.1755);[MH]+439.1825(计算值439.1833);[MNa]+461.1650(计算值461.1653).
实施例16 将在步骤15a)中获得的酚X IXf(28.4mg,0.0514mmol)溶于无水CH2Cl2(2ml)中,加入无水吡啶(0.10ml)和MsCl(0.05ml,0.51mmol)并在室温下搅拌该溶液22.5小时,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.5×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-50%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的相应甲磺酸盐(29.2mg,90%)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.64;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.26-7.17(6H,m),7.06-6.94(6H,m),6.83(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),6.71(1H,d,J=1.2Hz),4.66(1H,dd,J=4.4,6.8Hz),4.11(1H,dd,J=4.0,9.0Hz),4.04(1H,dt,J=4.4,7.5Hz),3.81(1H,dd,J=7.5,8.7Hz),3.11(3H,s),3.19-3.08(1H,m),1.85-1.52(4H,m),0.87(9H,s),0.01(3H,s),-0.16(3H,s).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ160.25,158.65,157.92,157.23,155.50(C),143.67(CH),142.93,141.52,140.67(C),127.30,127.19,123.18,115.85,115.56,115.45,115.14,114.85,114.64,114.53,73.76(CH),67.53(CH2),63.54,51.60(CH),37.75(CH2),37.09(CH3),28.29(CH2),25.78(CH3),18.13(C),-4.63,-4.98(CH3).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-116.00(1F,m),-125.47(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)2930,2857,1605,1508,1472,1369,1299,1251,1223,1197,1168,1152,1086,1009,970,868,836,776,609,527.MALDI-MS(C32H40F2N2O5SSi)[MH-TBDMSOH]+499.1504(计算值499.1503);[MNa]+653.2298(计算值653.2293).
将该甲磺酸盐(29.0mg,0.0460mmol)溶于0℃下的无水THF(1.0ml,特氟隆瓶),相继加入无水吡啶(0.20ml)和HF·吡啶复合物(0.20ml),使该溶液在几个小时内温暖到室温并在室温下搅拌10小时,加入醚(20ml)稀释并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(2×5ml)洗涤该溶液,在硅藻土上蒸发并通过干柱真空色谱(4.6×2.0cm)在硅胶上以0-90%EtOAc/己烷(v/v)的梯度洗脱纯化,以产生无色油状的所需甲磺酸盐XX(23.0mg,97%)。
Rf(1∶1EtOAc/己烷(v/v))0.18;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30(2H,dd,J=5.6,8.7Hz),7.18(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),7.06-6.94(6H,m),6.83(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),6.73(1H,d,J=1.2Hz),4.70(1H,dd,J=5.6,6.8Hz),4.14-4.07(2H,m),3.84-3.77(1H,m),3.19-3.14(1H,m),3.10(3H,s),1.94(1H,bs),1.92-1.54(4H,m).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ163.72,160.47,158.50,157.04,155.35(C),143.35(CH),142.82,141.30,141.26,139.84(C),127.36,127.26,123.11,115.81,115.52,115.41,115.25,114.52,114.42,73.44(CH),67.37(CH2),63.44,51.43(CH),37.20(CH3),35.97,28.73(CH2).19F(282MHz,CDCl3)δ-114.06(1F,m),-124.49(1F,七重峰,J=4.3Hz).IR(cm-1)3550,3404,2936,1604,1508,1366,1299,1249,1223,1196,1168,1151,1039,970,913,870,835,743,528.MALDI-MS(C26H26F2N2O5S)[MH-H2O]+499.1500(计算值499.1503);[M]+516.1536(计算值516.1504);[MH]+517.1606(计算值517.1609);[MNa]+539.1428(计算值539.1428).
实施例17 将三乙胺(64.0ml,461mmol,5.00当量)加入到酸X XIa(根据B.A.Shinkre,V.G.Puranik,B.M.Bhawal,A.Deshmukh,TetrahedronAsymmetry 2003,14,453制备;30.0g,102mmol,1.11当量)的CH2Cl2(600ml)溶液中,然后加入亚胺X XIb(根据T.Kambara,K.Tomioka,J.Org.Chem.1999,64,9282制备;28.1g,92.1mmol,1.00当量),将该溶液冷却到-20℃,用20分钟的时间将50ml CH2Cl2中的三光气(16.4g,55.8mmol)加入。在8小时的时间内使该溶液升温到23℃并在该温度下再搅拌10小时。将溶液浇到600ml冰水和200ml CH2Cl2上。用CH2Cl2(3*100ml)萃取水相。用盐水洗涤合并的有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(3/2-1/2梯度)的硅胶上纯化,然后通过色谱法在硅胶上用EtOAc/CH2Cl2洗脱(7/1-3/1梯度)纯化,以产生产率为40%的无色固态β-内酰胺X XIc以及产率为35%的所不希望的非对映异构体。
mp132℃.Rf=0.38(己烷/乙酸乙酯1/1).αD=+77°,(CHCl3,c=1.075,30.5℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46-7.07(m,16H),6.92-6.84(m,2H),5.34(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.95(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=2.5Hz),3.23-3.14(m,1H),2.90(s,3H),1.70(s,3H),0.83(d,J=6.2Hz).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3),δ165.4,165.0,159.3(J=244Hz),159.1,137.1(J=5Hz),133.7,129.9,128.9,128.6,128.3,128.0,127.7,125.7,119.0(J=8Hz),116.0(J=23Hz),115.1,100.1,76.9,71.2,70.1,62.2,59.0,33.8,23.6,12.4.IR(薄膜)2938,1756,1667,1612,1511,1382,1223,1177,1112,1092,834,734.HRMS(EI)(C35H33FN2O5+)计算值,580.2374,实测值,580.2369.
将p-甲苯磺酸水合物(55.7g,293mmol,10.0当量)加入到β-内酰胺X XIc(17.0g,29.0mmol,1.00当量)的THF(242ml)和水(48ml)溶液中。加热回流该溶液5小时。将该溶液浓缩为大约60ml然后浇到EtOAc(150ml)和水(250ml)上。用EtOAc(4*100ml)萃取水相。用盐水洗涤合并的有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(3/2-2/3梯度)纯化,以产生产率为51%的无色固态的相应3-羟基-β-内酰胺。
mp168℃.Rf=0.26(己烷/乙酸乙酯3/2).αD=-129°,(丙酮,c=1.22,29.5℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮)δ7.50-7.47(m,2H),7.42-7.29(m,5H),7.10-7.01(m,4H),5.33(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),5.27(dd,J=7.2Hz,5.3Hz,1H),5.11(s,2H),5.07(d,J=7.2Hz,1H).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮),δ166.5,159.2,159.0(J=241Hz),137.7,134.7,129.6,128.6,128.0,127.8,118.9(J=8Hz),115.8(J=23Hz),114.8,78.0,69.8,62.3.IR(薄膜)3120,1756,1667,1612,1511,1382,1223,1177,1112,1092,834,734.HRMS(EI)(C22H18FNO3+)计算值,363.1271,,363.1268.C22H18FNO3分析计算值C,72.72;H,4.99;N,3.85;实测值C,77.73;H,5.20;N,3.91.
将甲氧基钠(1.49g,27.5mmol,5.00当量)加入到该3-羟基-β-内酰胺(2.00g,5.50mmol,1.00当量)的甲醇(55.0ml)悬浮液中。在23℃下搅拌该悬浮液2小时。将NH4Cl(s)加入所形成的溶液中并在真空中浓缩悬浮液。将EtOAc(50ml)和水(50ml)加入该固体。用EtOAc(3*20ml)萃取水相。用盐水洗涤合并的有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(3/2-1/1梯度)纯化,以产生产率为89%的无色固态的相应氨基醇。
mp103℃.Rf=0.45(己烷/乙酸乙酯3/2).αD=+13.9°,(CH2Cl2,c=1.10,25.3℃.1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44-7.24(m,4H),6.97-6.91(m,2H),6.84-6.76(m,2H),6.53-6.46(m,2H),5.02(s,2H),4.81(s,1H),4.60(s,1H),4.46(m,1H),3.79(s,3H),3.07(d,J=3.7Hz,1H).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3),δ158.2,155.8(J=233Hz),142.5,136.8,131.0,128.5,127.9,127.9,127.4,155.5(J=22Hz),114.9,114.8,74.6,70.0,59.1,53.1,114.8,78.0,69.8,62.3.IR(薄膜)3390,1737,1610,1510,1221,1113,823.MS(EI)306.1748(2.54%),186.2356(18.8%,91.0908(100%).C23H22FNO4分析计算值C,69.86;H,5.61;N,3.54;实测值C,69.88;H,5.78;N,3.54.
将二异丙基乙胺(2.54ml,14.6mmol,3.00当量)和4-N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶(59.0mg,0.486mmol,0.10当量)加入到前面获得的氨基醇(1.92g,4.86mmol,1.00当量)的CH2Cl2(24.0ml)溶液中。将该溶液冷却到-78℃,用5分钟的时间加入CH2Cl2(4.0ml)中的三光气(1.44g,4.86mmol,1.00当量)。在8小时的时间内使该溶液升温到23℃并在该温度下再搅拌5小时。将水(50ml)和浓氢氧化铵水溶液(3ml)加入到该溶液中。用CH2Cl2(3*20ml)萃取水相。用盐水洗涤混合有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(2/1-1/1梯度)纯化,以产生产率为82%的无色固态甲酯X XId。
mp118℃.Rf=0.54(己烷/乙酸乙酯3/2).αD=+18°,(CHCl3,c=1.10,29.3℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40-7.32(m,7H),7.29-7.22(m,2H),6.98-6.93(m,4H),5.33(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),5.03(s,2H),4.73(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),3.89(s,3H).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3),δ168.9,160.1(d,J=244Hz),159.7,154.3,136.7,132.7,129.5,128.9,128.4,127.8,127.7,123.2(d,J=8Hz),116.1(d,J=22Hz),116.0,77.9,70.3,36.6,53.5.IR(薄膜)1769,1552,1388,1227,1099,834.HRMS(MALDI)(C24H20FNO5Na+)计算值,444.1224,实测值,444.1224.C24H20FNO5分析计算值C,68.40;H,4.78;N,3.32;实测值C,68.18;H,4.91;N,3.38.
在23℃下将硼氢化氰钠(226mg,5.98mmol,1.50当量)加入到甲酯X XId(1.68g,3.99mmol,1.00当量)的乙醇(27.0ml)悬浮液中。在该温度下搅拌悬浮液2小时,所有固体均溶解。将NH4Cl(s)加入该溶液中并在真空中浓缩为5ml。将水(50ml)和EtOAc(50ml)加入该悬浮液中。用EtOAc萃取水相。用盐水洗涤合并有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(1/1-2/3梯度)纯化,以得到产率为92%的无色固态的相应醇。
mp143℃.Rf=0.40(己烷/乙酸乙酯2/3).αD=-16°,(CHCl3,c=1.54,32.4℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.42-7.19(m,9H),6.97-6.90(m,4H),5.26(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),5.02(s,2H),4.39(m,1H),3.99(d,J=12.5Hz,1H),3.74(d,J=12.5Hz,1H),2.77(s,1H).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3),δ159.7(d,J=245Hz),159.0,136.4,132.7,129.4,128.5,128.0,127.9,127.4,123.6(d,J=8Hz),115.6(d,J=22Hz),115.6,82.0,70.1,61.6,61.2.IR(薄膜)3418,2930,2871,1748,1611,1512,1394,1234.HRMS(EI)(C23H20FNO4+)计算值,393.1376,实测值,393.1389.C23H20FNO4分析计算值C,70.22;H,5.12;N,3.56;实测值C,70.26;H,5.21;N,3.61.
将二甲基亚砜(0.355ml,5.00mmol,2.50当量)加入-78℃下的草酰氯(508mg,4.00mmol,2.00当量)的CH2Cl2(15.0ml)溶液中。10分钟之后,用5分钟的时间将上面获得的CH2Cl2(15.0ml)中的醇(787mg,2.00mmol,1.00当量)在-78℃下加入。在该温度下再经过5分钟,然后加入三乙胺(1.41ml,8.00mmol,8.00当量)。5分钟之后,加入1-(4-氟-苯基)-2-(三苯基-λ5-phosphanylidene)-乙酮,将所产生的悬浮液温暖到20℃并再搅拌30分钟。将Na2HCO3饱和水溶液加入该溶液。用CH2Cl2萃取水相。用盐水洗涤混合有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(2/1-1/1梯度)纯化,以产生产率为89%的无色固态的相应烯酮。
mp152℃.Rf=0.56(己烷/乙酸乙酯3/2).αD=+100°,(CHCl3,c=0.60,25.6℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.06-7.99(m,2H),7.42-7.06(m,14H),7.00-6.92(m,4H),5.05-5.00(m,4H).13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3),δ187.1,165.9(d,J=254Hz),159.8(d,J=243Hz),159.4,154.8,140.0,136.2,133.2,132.3,131.4(d,J=9Hz),128.6,128.1,128.1,127.9,127.4,125.8,123.5(d,J=9Hz),115.9(d,J=24Hz),115.8(d,J=24Hz),115.8,80.5,70.2,66.0.IR(薄膜)1760,1675,1597,1511,1385,1227.HRMS(MALDI)(C31H23F2NO4Na+)计算值,534.1493,实测值,534.1482.C31H23F2NO4分析计算值C,72.79;H,4.53;N,2.74;实测值C,72.51;H,4.78;N,2.73.
将碳上的钯(10%)(100mg)加入到23℃下乙醇(15.0ml)中的这种烯酮(910mg,1.78mmol,1.00当量)中。在1个大气压的氢气下激烈搅拌该悬浮液3小时。悬浮液经过用浓EtOAc洗脱的硅藻土块过滤,残留物通过色谱法在用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(2/1-1/1梯度)的硅胶上纯化。将一部分所产生的苯甲基醚(310mg,0.604mmol,1.00当量)溶于CH2Cl2中并冷却到-20℃。相继加入(R)-3,3-二苯基-1-甲基四氢-3H-吡咯并唑硼烷(oxazaborole)2-甲基-oxazaborolidin(甲苯溶液(0.5M)0.600ml,0.302mmol,0.50当量)和硼烷二甲基硫化物复合物(0.080ml,0.905mmol,1.50当量)。在-20℃下搅拌该溶液2小时,然后升温到0℃并用甲醇骤冷。将Na2HCO3饱和水溶液和CH2Cl2加入该溶液。用CH2Cl2萃取水相。用盐水洗涤混合有机相,在真空中干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(3/2-1/1梯度)的硅胶上纯化,将一部分所产生的醇(53mg,0.10mmol,1.0当量)溶于乙醇中并加入吸附于碳上的钯(10mg)。在氢气气氛下激烈搅拌该悬浮液2.5小时。悬浮液经过用EtOAc洗脱的硅藻土块过滤,残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上用己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱(1/1-2/1梯度)纯化,从而从原料烯酮产生产率为57%的无色固态的所需[唑烷酮X XI。
mp98℃.Rf=0.41(己烷/乙酸乙酯2/3).αD=-1°,(CHCl3,c=0.84,27.6℃).1H-NMR(300MHz,丙酮d6)δ7.47-7.35(m,4H),7.29-7.24(m,2H),7.09-6.97(m,4H),6.85-6.79(m,2H),5.15(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.76-4.68(m,1H),4.43-4.34(m,2H),2.02-1.76(m,4H).13C-NMR(75MHz,丙酮d6)δ162.0(d,J=243Hz),159.5(d,J=242Hz),157.9,155.3,142.2(d,J=3Hz),134.3(d,J=2Hz),129.1,128.7,127.8(d,J=8Hz),123.8(d,J=9Hz),116.1,115.2(d,J=23Hz),114.9(d,J=21Hz),82.4,72.3,65.6,35.0,30.3.IR(薄膜)3316,2925,1726,1603,1511,1224,835.HRMS(MALDI)(C24H21F2NO4Na+)计算值,448.1337,实测值,448.1326.
实施例18通过成熟方法测定本发明的化合物和ezetimibe(购买或根据Wu,G.Z.et al.,J.Org.Chem.1999制备)以及作为合适参比化合物的葡糖苷酸(ezetimibe的代谢物,根据Vaccaro,W.D.;Davis,H.R.Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.1998,8,313-318制备)在兔刷缘膜泡囊(BBMV)中胆固醇摄取的抑制,从而进行评价(表1)。简单地说,在本发明的各种化合物和适当参比化合物存在下,测量从负载供体颗粒进入到BBMV双分子层的放射标记胆固醇酯的清道夫受体介导吸收(Hauser,H.et al.Biochemistry 1998,37,17843-17850;Werder,M.et al.Biochemistry 2001,40,11643-11650;Boffelli,D.et al.,FEBS Lett.1997,411,7-11.)。
表1

权利要求
1.根据式I的化合物 其中P代表-N<或-C=,X各自独立地代表-CH2-、CR1(sp2-杂化)、O、-NH-、=N-、-CO-或-CS-,其中R1代表H或NR2,其中R2代表H或低级烷基,其任选地与Z键合从而形成双环结构;n代表1或2,Ra代表H、低级烷基、-OR3、-O(CO)R3、-O(CO)OR3、-O(CO)NR3R4、-NR3R4、NR3(CO)R4、-COOR3、-CONR3R4、-CH=CHCOOR3、-CF3、-CN、-NO2、SO3H、PO3H或卤素,其中R3和R4代表H或低级烷基,Rb代表H、OH、-OSO2Me、-OSO2W,其中W代表任选取代的芳基或杂芳基、-OCO(CHOH)2COOR5,其中R5代表H或低级烷基;或代表式-Sp3-R6,其中Sp3代表共价键、-O-、-OCH2-、-OSO2CH2-、-OSO2-、-OSO2-(p)C6H4O-且R6代表碳水化合物结构A-D中的一个 其中R7、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13和R14各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基(低级烷基)、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基、-SO3-或-PO3-,R10代表-CH2OR16或-COOR17,和R15代表-CH2OR16、-COOR17、-CH2NH2、-CH2OPO3-或-CH2OSO3-,其中R16和R17各自独立地代表H、低级烷基、芳基(低级烷基)、-CO-低级烷基、-CO-芳基、-SO3-或-PO3-,Z代表任选取代的芳基或杂芳基,Sp1代表间隔单元例如直链或支化低级烷基-(CH2)p-,其中p是2-6,该-(CH2)p-是未取代的、由-OH、-OR18、卤素或氰基基团单取代或多取代的,其中一个或多个-CH2-基团可独立地被-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-NR19-、-NR19-CO-、-CO-NR19-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-取代,其中R18和R19代表氢原子或低级烷基;Sp2代表任选的间隔单元,例如共价键或者直链或支化低级烷基-(CH2)q-,其中q是1-6,该-(CH2)p-是未取代的、由-OH、-OR20、卤素或氰基基团单取代或多取代的,其中一个或多个-CH2-基团可独立地被-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-NR21-、-NR21-CO-、-CO-NR21-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-取代,其中R20和R21代表氢原子或低级烷基;Y代表任选取代的芳基或杂芳基,限制性条件是如果P=-N<、n=1、X=-CO-以及Sp2代表共价键,则Sp3=-O-时R6不可代表碳水化合物结构A或D并且Sp3=-OCH2-时R6不可代表碳水化合物B。
2.根据权利要求1的化合物,限制性条件是如果P=-N<、n=1、X=-CO-以及Sp2代表共价键,则Rb不可代表H或OH并且Sp3不可代表共价键、-O-或-OCH2-。
3.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中P=-N<、n=1以及X=-CO-、-CS-、-CH2-或-NH-。
4.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中P=-N<、n=1以及X=-CS-、-CH2-或-NH-。
5.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中P=-N<以及-(X)n-=-OOC-、-COO-、-CONH-、-CH=N-。
6.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中P=-C=以及-(X)n-=-NH-N=或-O-N=。
7.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,具有化学式IVa 其中Ra、Rb、Sp1、Sp2、P、X、Y、Z和n如权利要求1或2中所限定。
8.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,具有化学式IVb 其中Ra、Rb、Sp1、P、X和n如上文所限定,并且其中R21和R22代表H、低级烷基、低级烷氧基或卤素。
9.根据权利要求7或8的化合物,其中P=-N<、n=1以及X=-CO-、-CS-、-CH2-或-NH-。
10.根据权利要求7或8的化合物,其中P=-N<、n=1以及X=-CS-、-CH2-或-NH-。
11.根据权利要求7或8的化合物,其中P=-N<以及-(X)n-=-OOC-、-COO-、-CONH-、-CH=N-。
12.根据权利要求7或8的化合物,其中P=-C=以及-(X)n-=-NH-N=或-O-N=。
13.一种药物组合物,包含治疗有效量的任意前述权利要求的化合物和药学可接受的载体。
14.根据权利要求13的药物组合物,所述药物组合物用于治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化或用于降低胆固醇水平。
15.包含根据权利要求13的药物组合物的药盒,所述药盒用于治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化或用于降低胆固醇水平。
16.一种治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化或降低胆固醇水平的方法,包括给需要这种治疗的对象施加有效量的根据权利要求1-12的化合物。
17.根据权利要求1-12的化合物的用途,用于制造治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化或降低胆固醇水平的药物。
全文摘要
本发明涉及可用于治疗和预防动脉粥样硬化和降低胆固醇水平的式(I)的新型低胆固醇血化合物,本发明还涉及仅仅包含所述化合物或与其它活性药剂组合而包含所述化合物的药物组合物。
文档编号C07H15/00GK1878770SQ200480033017
公开日2006年12月13日 申请日期2004年9月15日 优先权日2003年10月7日
发明者埃里克·卡雷拉, 赫尔穆特·豪泽, 利斯贝特·克韦尔诺, 托比亚斯·里特尔, 莫里茨·韦尔德 申请人:利皮德翁生物技术股份有限公司
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